A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on daily prednisone therapy has been eating very little and has lost weight. Which interventions are appropriate for the nurse to include in the care plan? Select all that apply.
Offer high-calorie protein snacks between meals and at bedtime.
Encourage increased intake of whole grains and vegetables.
Encourage rest before meals.
Provide a large glass of juice with each meal.
Correct Answer : A,C
Choice A reason: Offering high-calorie protein snacks between meals and at bedtime is appropriate for a patient with COPD who is losing weight and eating very little. These snacks can help meet their nutritional needs and provide the extra calories and protein necessary to prevent muscle wasting and support overall health.
Choice B reason: While increasing the intake of whole grains and vegetables is generally healthy, it may not be the priority for a patient who has lost significant weight and needs to focus on higher-calorie, nutrient-dense foods. The primary goal is to address the calorie and protein deficit first.
Choice C reason: Encouraging rest before meals is beneficial as it helps conserve energy for eating. Patients with COPD often experience fatigue, which can reduce their appetite and ability to eat. Resting before meals can help them feel more energetic and better able to consume their meals.
Choice D reason: Providing a large glass of juice with each meal is not ideal for increasing calorie and protein intake. While juice can provide some calories and nutrients, it is not a good source of protein. Additionally, large volumes of liquid can create a feeling of fullness, reducing the patient's appetite for nutrient-dense foods.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Synthroid (levothyroxine) is the most commonly prescribed medication for hypothyroidism. It is a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4), which replaces the deficient hormone in patients with hypothyroidism and helps normalize their thyroid function.
Choice B reason: PTU (Propylthiouracil) is typically used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Choice C reason: Tapazole (methimazole) is also used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, similar to PTU. It is not used to treat hypothyroidism.
Choice D reason: Propranolol is a beta-blocker that is used to manage symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as tremors and palpitations. It does not treat hypothyroidism.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Urine output of 30 mL/hr is concerning as it is on the lower end of normal and can indicate dehydration or impaired renal function. However, in this context, it is less immediately alarming compared to severely low blood pressure.
Choice B reason: Blood pressure of 90/40 is critically low and indicates hypotension, which can be a sign of severe dehydration or shock, especially in a patient with ongoing nausea and vomiting. This requires immediate attention and intervention to stabilize the patient and prevent further complications.
Choice C reason: An infiltrated IV site is a problem that needs to be addressed to ensure proper administration of fluids and medications. However, it is not as immediately life-threatening as hypotension.
Choice D reason: Oral fluid intake of 100 mL for 8 hours is inadequate, suggesting that the patient may be dehydrated. While concerning, it is not as acutely critical as low blood pressure, which directly affects perfusion and organ function.
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