A patient with schizophrenia believes the student nurses are at the hospital to spy on them. The patient is suffering from what type of symptom?

Ideas of reference

Delusion

Hallucination

Avolition

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Ideas of reference: This refers to believing that neutral events, such as people talking or television messages, have personal meaning directed specifically at oneself. The patient’s belief is more consistent with a fixed false belief rather than an interpretation of unrelated events.

B. Delusion: A delusion is a fixed, false belief that is not based in reality. Thinking that student nurses are spies reflects a paranoid delusion, which is common in schizophrenia and involves mistrust and suspicion of others’ intentions.

C. Hallucination: Hallucinations are false sensory perceptions, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not present. The patient’s report does not involve sensory distortions but rather a false belief about others’ behavior, which distinguishes it from a hallucination.

D. Avolition: This refers to a lack of motivation or inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed behavior, often seen as a negative symptom of schizophrenia. The scenario does not describe reduced motivation but rather the presence of paranoid thinking, making avolition unlikely.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. High-calorie, high-protein diet: Increased work of breathing elevates caloric needs, and protein supports respiratory muscle strength and tissue repair. Adequate calories and protein help prevent weight loss and muscle wasting.

B. Bland, soft diet: While easier to chew, a bland soft diet does not specifically meet the increased nutritional needs of COPD clients. It may be helpful in other conditions but is not the best choice here.

C. Low-fat, low-cholesterol diet: Although heart-healthy, this diet does not address the elevated energy and protein demands of COPD. Restricting fat unnecessarily can limit caloric intake, worsening malnutrition in these clients.

D. Low-sodium, high-calorie diet: Sodium restriction is more critical for conditions like hypertension or heart failure. In COPD, the emphasis should be on high-calorie and high-protein intake rather than sodium control unless comorbidities require it.

A. The importance of adhering closely to the prescribed medication regimen B. The client should wear a surgical mask in public for a year following diagnosis due to latent TB C. The client may return to work once symptoms improve and they feel well enough. D. Household members should begin prophylactic antibiotic treatment immediately

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The importance of adhering closely to the prescribed medication regimen: Active TB requires long-term multidrug therapy, and adherence is crucial to prevent relapse, ongoing transmission, and development of multidrug-resistant TB. Incomplete treatment is a major public health risk.

B. The client should wear a surgical mask in public for a year following diagnosis due to latent TB: Clients with latent TB are not contagious, and mask use for an entire year is unnecessary. Mask use is important only during the initial infectious phase of active TB until sputum smears are negative.

C. The client may return to work once symptoms improve and they feel well enough: Symptom improvement does not mean the client is no longer infectious. Return to work is only appropriate when the client has completed adequate therapy and has documented negative sputum cultures.

D. Household members should begin prophylactic antibiotic treatment immediately: Not all household members automatically require prophylaxis. They should first undergo TB testing, and only those with positive results or who are high-risk will be prescribed preventive therapy.

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A patient with schizophrenia believes the student nurses are at the hospital to spy on them. The patient is suffering from what type of symptom?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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