A pediatric patient who has been seriously burned is being given IV fluid replacements. It has been determined that the patient will initially need 24 ounces of replacement fluids. In following a normal burn replacement treatment for this child, if the treatment is started at 10:00 AM, which of the following would be correct? The child would have received:

12 ounces of IV fluid replacement by 6:00 PM.

12 ounces of IV fluid replacement by 4:00 PM.

18 ounces of IV fluid replacement by 4:00 PM.

18 ounces of IV fluid replacement by 6:00 PM.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Burn fluid replacement follows the Parkland formula, with half the total volume (24 ounces = 12 ounces) given in the first 8 hours. From 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM (8 hours), the child receives 12 ounces, aligning with pediatric burn care protocols, making this the correct choice.

Choice B reason: By 4:00 PM (6 hours), the child receives less than half the 24 ounces, as half (12 ounces) is given over 8 hours. The 12-ounce mark is reached by 6:00 PM, making this incorrect, as it overestimates fluid delivery in the shorter timeframe for burn treatment.

Choice C reason: 18 ounces by 4:00 PM (6 hours) exceeds the standard rate, as only half (12 ounces) of 24 ounces is given in 8 hours. The correct amount is 12 ounces by 6:00 PM, making this incorrect for burn fluid replacement timing in the pediatric patient’s treatment.

Choice D reason: 18 ounces by 6:00 PM (8 hours) is incorrect, as only half the total (12 ounces) is administered in the first 8 hours per burn protocols. The correct volume is 12 ounces, making this incorrect for the standard fluid replacement schedule in pediatric burn care.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Living with grandparents while the mother works two jobs provides potential supervision, reducing developmental risks compared to homelessness. Sleeping in a car disrupts stability and safety, making this less challenging and incorrect for the situation most likely to impact children’s growth and development.

Choice B reason: An empty house after school poses risks but offers a stable home environment, unlike sleeping in a car, which lacks safety and consistency. Latchkey situations are less severe, making this incorrect compared to the extreme instability of homelessness affecting children’s developmental outcomes.

Choice C reason: Sleeping in a car at night indicates homelessness, severely disrupting children’s physical, emotional, and cognitive development due to lack of stable housing, nutrition, and safety. This situation poses the greatest challenge, aligning with pediatric social determinants of health, making it the correct choice.

Choice D reason: Sharing an apartment with another family provides housing stability, unlike sleeping in a car, which severely impacts development. Crowded living is less detrimental than homelessness, making this incorrect for the situation most likely to challenge children’s growth and development in the care plan.

A. “Girls tend to urinate less frequently than boys, making them more susceptible to UTIs.” B. “It is unlikely that your daughter is practicing good cleaning habits after she voids.” C. “Girls need more vitamin C than boys to keep their urinary tract healthy, so your daughter may be deficient in vitamin C.” D. “A girl’s urethra is much shorter and straighter than a boy’s, so it can be contaminated fairly easily.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Urination frequency varies individually, not by gender, and isn’t a primary UTI risk factor. The shorter female urethra explains higher UTI rates, making this inaccurate and incorrect compared to the anatomical reason for the daughter’s recurrent infections in the 5-year-old twins.

Choice B reason: Assuming poor hygiene without evidence is speculative and less relevant than anatomical differences. The shorter urethra is the primary UTI risk in girls, making this blaming and incorrect compared to explaining the biological factor contributing to the daughter’s infections in the teaching.

Choice C reason: Vitamin C may support urinary health but isn’t gender-specific or a primary UTI cause. The shorter female urethra directly increases contamination risk, making this irrelevant and incorrect compared to the anatomical explanation for the daughter’s recurrent UTIs in the caregiver’s twins.

Choice D reason: Girls’ shorter, straighter urethras allow easier bacterial access to the bladder, explaining higher UTI rates compared to boys. This anatomical fact aligns with pediatric urology evidence, making it the accurate statement to clarify the daughter’s recurrent infections for the caregiver of the twins.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is developing a care plan for several clients who were seen in the clinic that day. Which situation will the nurse conclude is most likely to experience challenges in the growth and development of the children?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is discussing post-procedure interventions with new pediatric nurses. Which statement addresses the most immediate safety action required?

The school nurse is discussing obesity with a group of caregivers of school-aged children. Which statement by the caregivers best illustrates that they are prepared to help their child prevent obesity?

The nurse is admitting a 10-year-old for surgery. What action should the nurse prioritize when caring for this child?

The nurse is discussing the ears and hearing in a child with a group of peers. Which statement is most accurate related to this topic?

The nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating the major milestones of infants as they grow and develop. Which fact should the nurse point out when illustrating an infant’s teeth?

The pediatric nurse is caring for a group of 4-year-old clients with various diagnoses. The child being treated for which diagnosis will most need help understanding what is happening to him or her?

The pediatric nurse is discussing the daily activities of a 4-year-old with the caregiver to assess growth and development status. The nurse would document that the child has reached the initiative stage of development if the caregiver indicates the child participates in which activity?

The nurse is caring for a group of children on the pediatric unit. The nurse should collect further data and explore the possibility of child abuse (child mistreatment) in which situation?