A group of nurses is reviewing the cardiovascular system and its function. Which statement by one of the nurses demonstrates an understanding of a child’s cardiovascular system?

“At birth, the infant’s right and left ventricle are about the same size.”

“The child’s heart doesn’t mature and function like an adult’s until between 8 and 10 years of age.”

“The heart rate of the child decreases whenever the child experiences a fever.”

“Between the ages of 5 and 6, the child’s left ventricle grows to about two times the size of the right.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: At birth, the infant’s right and left ventricles are nearly equal in size due to fetal circulation demands. This aligns with pediatric cardiology, making it the correct statement demonstrating understanding of the newborn’s cardiovascular system as discussed in the nurses’ review session.

Choice B reason: The heart matures earlier, with adult-like function by early childhood, not 8-10 years. Equal ventricle size at birth is accurate, making this incorrect, as it overestimates the timeline for cardiovascular maturation in the nurse’s understanding of the child’s heart development.

Choice C reason: Heart rate typically increases with fever in children, not decreases, due to metabolic demands. Equal ventricle size at birth is correct, making this inaccurate and incorrect compared to the true statement about the infant’s cardiovascular system in the nurses’ review.

Choice D reason: The left ventricle grows slightly larger but not twice the right’s size by 5-6 years. Equal ventricles at birth is accurate, making this incorrect, as it exaggerates ventricular growth in the nurse’s understanding of the child’s cardiovascular system development.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Eating with family may encourage variety but does not address the normalcy of food jags in 6-year-olds. Reassuring about their transient nature reduces caregiver stress, making this less direct and incorrect compared to normalizing the child’s selective eating behavior for the concerned caregiver.

Choice B reason: Insisting on variety at every meal may escalate mealtime stress, as food jags are normal and temporary in 6-year-olds. Acknowledging their common occurrence is more supportive, making this pressuring and incorrect for addressing the caregiver’s nutritional concern about the child’s eating habits.

Choice C reason: Food jags, where a child fixates on one food, are common at age 6 and typically resolve naturally. Reassuring the caregiver reduces anxiety and aligns with pediatric nutrition guidance, making this the prioritized response to address concerns about the child’s nutrition and eating patterns.

Choice D reason: Discouraging food preferences risks mealtime conflicts, as food jags are developmentally normal. Normalizing their temporary nature supports the caregiver without forcing the child, making this unhelpful and incorrect compared to reassuring about the common, transient behavior in 6-year-olds.

A. Discuss concerns about anxiety and depression. B. Provide information for preventing drug and alcohol use among teens. C. Provide a list of emergency contact numbers. D. Provide a list of local after-school programs.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Discussing anxiety and depression is relevant but premature without addressing the immediate issue of the child being alone and scared after school. After-school programs provide supervision and safety, making this less urgent and incorrect compared to resolving the primary concern of unsupervised time for the child.

Choice B reason: Preventing drug and alcohol use is important but not the priority for a 10-year-old scared and alone after school. After-school programs address immediate safety and social needs, making this secondary and incorrect compared to tackling the child’s current unsupervised and fearful situation at home.

Choice C reason: Emergency contact numbers are useful but do not resolve the ongoing issue of the child being alone and scared daily. After-school programs offer structured supervision, directly addressing the primary concern, making this less critical and incorrect for the nurse’s priority action for this family.

Choice D reason: Providing a list of after-school programs addresses the child’s fear and isolation by offering supervised, engaging activities, reducing unsupervised time at home. This prioritizes safety and emotional well-being, aligning with pediatric nursing goals for supporting relocated families, making it the correct action to assist them.

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A group of nurses is reviewing the cardiovascular system and its function. Which statement by one of the nurses demonstrates an understanding of a child’s cardiovascular system?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The caregiver of a 6-year-old is concerned the child is not getting proper nutrition because on some days, the child will only eat one type of food. Which response should the nurse prioritize for this caregiver?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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