A group of nurses is reviewing the cardiovascular system and its function. Which statement by one of the nurses demonstrates an understanding of a child’s cardiovascular system?
“At birth, the infant’s right and left ventricle are about the same size.”
“The child’s heart doesn’t mature and function like an adult’s until between 8 and 10 years of age.”
“The heart rate of the child decreases whenever the child experiences a fever.”
“Between the ages of 5 and 6, the child’s left ventricle grows to about two times the size of the right.”
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: At birth, the infant’s right and left ventricles are nearly equal in size due to fetal circulation demands. This aligns with pediatric cardiology, making it the correct statement demonstrating understanding of the newborn’s cardiovascular system as discussed in the nurses’ review session.
Choice B reason: The heart matures earlier, with adult-like function by early childhood, not 8-10 years. Equal ventricle size at birth is accurate, making this incorrect, as it overestimates the timeline for cardiovascular maturation in the nurse’s understanding of the child’s heart development.
Choice C reason: Heart rate typically increases with fever in children, not decreases, due to metabolic demands. Equal ventricle size at birth is correct, making this inaccurate and incorrect compared to the true statement about the infant’s cardiovascular system in the nurses’ review.
Choice D reason: The left ventricle grows slightly larger but not twice the right’s size by 5-6 years. Equal ventricles at birth is accurate, making this incorrect, as it exaggerates ventricular growth in the nurse’s understanding of the child’s cardiovascular system development.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Repeating symptoms may help but doesn’t provide immediate emergency guidance, risking delay in critical situations. Treating as hypoglycemia ensures rapid response, making this less practical and incorrect compared to a clear action plan for the caregivers’ concerns about diabetes emergencies.
Choice B reason: Instructing to treat unclear reactions as hypoglycemia prioritizes rapid glucose administration, which is safer and more urgent than mistreating hyperglycemia. This aligns with pediatric diabetes emergency protocols, making it the best initial response to ensure the child’s safety in potential crises.
Choice C reason: Providing pamphlets and videos educates long-term but doesn’t address immediate emergency response needs. Treating as hypoglycemia offers clear guidance, making this supplementary and incorrect compared to the urgent action needed to manage the caregivers’ fears about diabetes emergencies.
Choice D reason: Suggesting an insulin pump addresses insulin delivery, not symptom recognition or emergency response. Treating as hypoglycemia ensures safety in crises, making this irrelevant and incorrect compared to the immediate guidance needed for the caregivers’ concerns about handling diabetes emergencies.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cartilage is a connective tissue, not stored in bones, which house minerals like calcium. Minerals are critical for bone strength, making this incorrect, as it misidentifies the substances stored in the musculoskeletal system in the nurse’s understanding of bone physiology.
Choice B reason: Vitamins, like vitamin D, are stored in tissues, not bones, which store minerals for structural integrity. Minerals are the primary storage component, making this incorrect, as it does not reflect the physiological role of bones in the nurse’s musculoskeletal knowledge.
Choice C reason: Spinal fluid is contained in the central nervous system, not stored in bones, which hold minerals. Minerals support bone function, making this incorrect, as it confuses bone physiology with unrelated systems in the nurse’s understanding of the musculoskeletal system.
Choice D reason: Bones store minerals like calcium and phosphorus, essential for strength and metabolic functions. This aligns with musculoskeletal physiology, making it the correct answer for the nurse’s recognition of what is stored in bones as part of their anatomical knowledge.
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