A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one. Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?
increased risk of developing atherosclerosis
higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure
lower heart rate and reduced blood flow
increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased risk of developing atherosclerosis: Excess adipose tissue is associated with dyslipidemia and inflammation, which promote the formation of arterial plaques. This increases the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
B. Higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure: Additional adipose tissue increases the total vascular network and tissue demand, which raises peripheral resistance. This elevated resistance contributes to higher blood pressure over time.
C. Lower heart rate and reduced blood flow: A sudden gain in adipose tissue does not typically lower heart rate. In fact, increased tissue mass often requires the heart to pump more blood, which may elevate cardiac output and maintain or even increase heart rate. Reduced blood flow is not expected.
D. Increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance: The body responds to expanding adipose tissue by forming new blood vessels (angiogenesis) to supply the tissue with nutrients. This can also increase peripheral resistance due to the larger vascular network.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Self-antigens:Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly recognizes the body’s own proteins, or self-antigens, as foreign. This leads to an immune response against the body’s own tissues, causing inflammation and tissue damage.
B. Self-complement proteins:Complement proteins are part of the immune system that help destroy pathogens. Autoimmunity involves targeting self-antigens, not complement proteins, although complement may be involved secondarily in tissue damage.
C. Self-antibodies:Antibodies are produced by B cells. In autoimmune diseases, antibodies may target self-antigens, but the primary issue is the immune system failing to recognize self-antigens, not the antibodies themselves.
D. Self-immunoglobulins:Immunoglobulins are antibodies; autoimmunity involves antibodies targeting self-antigens, not the body’s own immunoglobulins. Self-immunoglobulins are not the trigger of autoimmune disorders.
E. Self-interleukins:Interleukins are signaling molecules for immune communication. Autoimmune diseases are not caused by the immune system attacking interleukins, but rather by a failure to distinguish self-antigens from foreign antigens.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. T cells:T lymphocytes are part of the adaptive immune system and require specific antigen recognition for activation. They provide targeted responses and immunological memory but do not act immediately. Their function is delayed compared to innate immune cells, so they are not a component of innate defenses.
B. Natural killer cells:Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that act without prior sensitization. They can recognize and destroy virus-infected or abnormal cells immediately. This rapid, non-specific action provides a critical first line of defense against infections and tumor cells.
C. Plasma cells:Plasma cells are differentiated B cells that secrete antibodies as part of the adaptive immune response. They take several days to develop after antigen exposure and are not involved in immediate, non-specific innate defense mechanisms.
D. B cells:B lymphocytes belong to the adaptive immune system and require activation by antigens and helper T cells to produce antibodies. Their responses are specific and delayed, unlike innate immune cells that respond immediately to threats.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.