A physician orders an isotonic IV solution for a client. Which solution should the nurse plan to administer?

Half-normal saline solution

10% dextrose in water

5% dextrose and half-normal saline solution

Lactated Ringer's solution

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Half-normal saline solution is a hypotonic solution, which means it has a lower concentration of solutes than the blood plasma. It can cause fluid to shift from the blood vessels into the cells, leading to cellular swelling and edema.

Choice B reason: 10% dextrose in water is a hypertonic solution, which means it has a higher concentration of solutes than the blood plasma. It can cause fluid to shift from the cells into the blood vessels, leading to cellular shrinkage and dehydration.

Choice C reason: 5% dextrose and half-normal saline solution is a hypertonic solution, which has the same effects as choice B. The dextrose increases the osmolarity of the solution, while the half-normal saline provides some electrolytes.

Choice D reason: Lactated Ringer's solution is an isotonic solution, which means it has the same concentration of solutes as the blood plasma. It maintains fluid balance and provides electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and lactate. It is commonly used for fluid resuscitation, dehydration, and acidosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: An antipyretic medication is not the best answer because it does not address the client's low urine output. An antipyretic medication is a drug that lowers the body temperature by reducing the production of heat or increasing the loss of heat. It may help the client feel more comfortable, but it does not improve the kidney function or prevent dehydration.

Choice B reason: A diuretic medication is not the best answer because it may worsen the client's low urine output. A diuretic medication is a drug that increases the excretion of water and electrolytes by the kidneys. It may lower the blood pressure and reduce the fluid overload, but it may also cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and kidney damage.

Choice C reason: A blood culture is not the best answer because it does not address the client's low urine output. A blood culture is a laboratory test that detects the presence of bacteria or other microorganisms in the blood. It may help identify the cause of the fever and guide the antibiotic therapy, but it does not improve the kidney function or prevent dehydration.

Choice D reason: A fluid bolus is the best answer because it may improve the client's low urine output. A fluid bolus is a rapid infusion of a large volume of fluid, usually isotonic saline or lactated Ringer's solution. It may increase the blood volume and pressure, improve the tissue perfusion, and stimulate the urine production. It may also help lower the fever by diluting the pyrogens and increasing the heat loss.

A. Normal saline B. Dextrose in water 5% C. Lactated Ringer's (LR) D. Dextrose in normal saline

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Normal saline is not contraindicated for a dehydrated client with a skull fracture. Normal saline is an isotonic solution that has the same concentration of solutes as the blood plasma. It can help restore fluid balance and prevent cerebral edema.

Choice B reason: Dextrose in water 5% is contraindicated for a dehydrated client with a skull fracture. Dextrose in water 5% is a hypotonic solution that has a lower concentration of solutes than the blood plasma. It can cause fluid to shift from the blood vessels into the brain cells, increasing the intracranial pressure and worsening the skull fracture.

Choice C reason: Lactated Ringer's (LR) is not contraindicated for a dehydrated client with a skull fracture. Lactated Ringer's (LR) is an isotonic solution that has the same concentration of solutes as the blood plasma. It can also provide electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and lactate, which can help correct acid-base imbalances.

Choice D reason: Dextrose in normal saline is not contraindicated for a dehydrated client with a skull fracture. Dextrose in normal saline is a hypertonic solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than the blood plasma. It can cause fluid to shift from the brain cells into the blood vessels, reducing the intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.

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A physician orders an isotonic IV solution for a client. Which solution should the nurse plan to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an adult client who has a fever of 39.4°C (103°F) and is receiving 0.9% sodium chloride IV at 125 mL/hr. Over the last hour, the nurse notes that the client's urine output is 20 mL. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and anticipate a prescription for what?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The healthcare provider ordered an IV solution for a dehydrated client with a skull fracture. The nurse knows which IV fluid would be contraindicated?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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