A physician tells the nurse that a patient's skull is normocephalic.
This finding during the physician's inspection reveals:

Increased intracranial pressure.

Round symmetric skull that is appropriately related to the body.

An abnormally large head.

Abnormally small head.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

A normocephalic skull indicates a normal head size and shape, not increased intracranial pressure. Increased intracranial pressure typically manifests with symptoms like headache, altered mental status, and papilledema, and may or may not involve changes in head circumference depending on the patient's age and the chronicity of the pressure increase.

Choice B rationale

"Normocephalic" is a clinical term indicating that the patient's head is of a normal size and shape, appearing symmetrical and proportionally related to the rest of the body. This finding suggests the absence of conditions like microcephaly (abnormally small head) or macrocephaly (abnormally large head), reflecting healthy cranial development and morphology.

Choice C rationale

An abnormally large head is termed macrocephaly, which is distinctly different from normocephalic. Macrocephaly can be indicative of various underlying conditions, including hydrocephalus, genetic disorders, or brain tumors, leading to an enlarged skull circumference that deviates significantly from age and gender norms.

Choice D rationale

An abnormally small head is known as microcephaly, which is the opposite of normocephalic. Microcephaly is often associated with impaired brain development and can result from genetic factors, infections during pregnancy, or other congenital conditions, leading to a head circumference significantly below the expected range. .

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

An intradermal injection is administered into the dermis, the layer of skin directly beneath the epidermis. A 15-degree angle ensures the needle enters superficially, creating a small wheal as the medication is deposited. This shallow angle minimizes penetration into subcutaneous tissue, which is crucial for proper antigen-antibody reactions in allergy testing or tuberculosis screening.

Choice B rationale

A 90-degree angle is used for intramuscular injections, where the medication is delivered deep into muscle tissue. This angle allows for rapid absorption due to the rich vascular supply of muscle, but it would cause excessive penetration and potential systemic absorption if used for an intradermal injection, negating its diagnostic purpose.

Choice C rationale

A 45-degree angle is typically used for subcutaneous injections, delivering medication into the adipose tissue layer beneath the dermis. This angle is too deep for an intradermal injection and would result in the medication being absorbed systemically rather than remaining in the dermal layer for localized diagnostic reactions.

Choice D rationale

A 30-degree angle is also too steep for an intradermal injection. While less deep than a 45-degree angle, it still risks penetrating beyond the dermis into the subcutaneous tissue. The goal of an intradermal injection is to deposit the substance within the highly specific dermal layer to elicit a localized, measurable response.

A. I, II, V. B. III, IV, VI. C. III, V, XI. D. II, V, VI. .

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Cranial nerve I (olfactory) is responsible for smell, and cranial nerve II (optic) is responsible for vision. Cranial nerve V (trigeminal) is involved in facial sensation and mastication. These nerves are not primarily involved in controlling the extrinsic eye muscles responsible for eye movement.

Choice B rationale

Cranial nerve III (oculomotor) innervates the superior, inferior, and medial recti, and the inferior oblique muscles, and controls eyelid elevation. Cranial nerve IV (trochlear) innervates the superior oblique muscle. Cranial nerve VI (abducens) innervates the lateral rectus muscle. Together, these three cranial nerves precisely coordinate all six extraocular muscles for conjugate gaze.

Choice C rationale

While cranial nerve III (oculomotor) is correctly identified, cranial nerve V (trigeminal) and cranial nerve XI (accessory) are not primarily involved in eye movement. Cranial nerve V is involved in facial sensation and mastication, and cranial nerve XI innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles for head and shoulder movement.

Choice D rationale

Cranial nerve II (optic) is responsible for vision, transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. Cranial nerve V (trigeminal) is involved in facial sensation and chewing. Cranial nerve VI (abducens) is correctly identified as innervating the lateral rectus, but the other two nerves listed do not control the majority of eye movements.

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A physician tells the nurse that a patient's skull is normocephalic. This finding during the physician's inspection reveals:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing to administer an intradermal injection. Which angle should the nurse insert the needle?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The six (6) eye muscles that control eye movement are innervated by cranial nerves:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A physician tells the nurse that a patient's skull is normocephalic.
This finding during the physician's inspection reveals: