A public health nurse is providing an educational program at a health fair focusing on strategies to prevent cancer.
What type of health promotion activity will the nurse describe as an example of secondary prevention?

Schedule colonoscopy screening beginning at age 45.

Monitor for signs of secondary malignancies.

Reduce consumption of processed meat and alcohol.

Avoid ultraviolet radiation with the use of sunscreen and sun protective clothing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Scheduling colonoscopy screening beginning at age 45 is an example of secondary prevention, which focuses on early detection of diseases in asymptomatic individuals. By identifying precancerous polyps or early-stage colorectal cancer, healthcare providers can intervene earlier, improving outcomes and reducing mortality rates associated with colorectal cancer.

Choice B rationale

Monitoring for signs of secondary malignancies is a part of tertiary prevention, which aims to manage and prevent complications in patients who already have a disease. It does not fit the criteria for secondary prevention, which focuses on early detection before symptoms appear.

Choice C rationale

Reducing consumption of processed meat and alcohol is a primary prevention strategy, aiming to lower the risk of developing cancer in the first place. Primary prevention focuses on preventing the onset of disease through lifestyle and environmental changes, rather than early detection and intervention.

Choice D rationale

Avoiding ultraviolet radiation with the use of sunscreen and sun-protective clothing is also a primary prevention strategy. It aims to prevent skin cancer by reducing exposure to harmful UV rays, thereby lowering the risk of developing cancer from sun damage. .

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Increasing the dose of corticosteroids without consulting a healthcare provider can be dangerous as it can cause serious side effects like immunosuppression, weight gain, and high blood pressure. Patients with Cushing's syndrome already have excess corticosteroids and should avoid additional doses.

Choice B rationale

This statement is incorrect as Cushing's syndrome is not related to a thyroid gland tumor. The treatment for Cushing's syndrome often involves removing a tumor from the adrenal gland or pituitary gland, not the thyroid.

Choice C rationale

Resuming physically intense activities like football should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Patients with Cushing's syndrome may have muscle weakness, osteoporosis, and other health issues that could be exacerbated by high-impact sports.

Choice D rationale

Patients with Cushing's syndrome have a weakened immune system due to high corticosteroid levels. Avoiding infections and promptly reporting any signs of illness, like fever, is crucial for their health.

A. Administer filgrastim (granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)) as ordered. B. Keep the patient's central line insertion site clean and open to air. C. Educate the patient and family about food safety and hygiene. D. Provide a high-protein, high-calorie diet.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Administering filgrastim (G-CSF) as ordered is crucial for patients with a low ANC. Filgrastim stimulates the production of neutrophils in the bone marrow, helping to reduce the risk of infections. For a patient with an ANC of 500/mm³, which indicates severe neutropenia, this intervention can significantly enhance the immune response and decrease susceptibility to infections.

Choice B rationale

Keeping the patient's central line insertion site clean and open to air is incorrect and could increase the risk of infection. Central line sites must be covered with a sterile dressing to prevent bacterial contamination and infection. Open exposure to air can introduce pathogens, especially in a patient with neutropenia.

Choice C rationale

Educating the patient and family about food safety and hygiene is essential for preventing infections in patients with neutropenia. Proper food handling and hygiene practices reduce the risk of bacterial and other infections. This education can help patients and their families implement measures to protect the patient from potential sources of infection.

Choice D rationale

Providing a high-protein, high-calorie diet is appropriate for supporting the patient's overall health and recovery. High-protein and high-calorie foods support the body's immune function, repair tissues, and maintain energy levels. Proper nutrition is vital for patients with leukemia to help them cope with the demands of their illness and treatment.

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A public health nurse is providing an educational program at a health fair focusing on strategies to prevent cancer.What type of health promotion activity will the nurse describe as an example of secondary prevention?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome.What statement made by the patient will demonstrate their understanding of the discharge instructions?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia who has an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 500/mm³. What interventions will the nurse include in the plan of care for this patient related to this finding? Select All That Apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

The nurse is administering filgrastim (G-CSF) to a patient with colorectal cancer after finishing a cycle of chemotherapy.Which SMART Outcome will this intervention help to achieve?

A client with severe malnutrition is admitted to the hospital.Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

A public health nurse is providing an educational program at a health fair focusing on strategies to prevent cancer.What type of health promotion activity will the nurse describe as an example of secondary prevention?

The nurse manager is orienting a new nurse to the oncology unit.What will the nurse manager teach about best practices for safe handling and administration of chemotherapy?

The nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism who has a new prescription for levothyroxine 50 mcg orally.Which interventions will the nurse include in the plan of care? Select All That Apply.

The nurse is assessing a patient who has received the first dose of chemotherapy for leukemia.Which patient's clinical findings indicate to the nurse that the patient has developed tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)?

The nurse is caring for a patient with lung cancer who suddenly develops shortness of breath, jugular venous distention, and edema in the face, neck, and arms.The nurse promptly notifies the healthcare provider that the patient is exhibiting signs of which oncologic emergency?

The nurse is teaching a patient with hyperparathyroidism how to manage the condition at home.Which response by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?

A public health nurse is providing an educational program at a health fair focusing on strategies to prevent cancer.
What type of health promotion activity will the nurse describe as an example of secondary prevention?