A public health nurse is reviewing the records of a group of clients who have a low socioeconomic status. The nurse should identify which of the following clients are most likely to experience long-term economic stability?
An older adult couple living in a community where goods and services are within walking distance.
A single parent of two children who uses ride-share services.
A client who has diabetes mellitus and regularly relies upon a family member for transportation.
A young family regularly using public transportation services to acquire goods and services.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
An older adult couple living in a community where goods and services are within walking distance is likely to experience long-term economic stability due to reduced transportation costs and increased accessibility to essential services. This setup minimizes the need for a vehicle, which can be a significant financial burden, especially for those on a fixed income. Additionally, the proximity to services can enhance their quality of life and reduce healthcare costs by promoting physical activity and social engagement.
Choice B Reason:
A single parent of two children who uses ride-share services may face financial instability due to the high costs associated with frequent ride-share usage. While ride-share services provide flexibility and convenience, they can be expensive over time, especially for a single parent managing multiple responsibilities and expenses. This choice does not offer the same level of economic stability as living in a walkable community.
Choice C Reason:
A client who has diabetes mellitus and regularly relies upon a family member for transportation may experience economic instability due to the dependency on others for mobility. This reliance can limit their ability to access employment opportunities and essential services independently. Additionally, managing a chronic condition like diabetes can be financially burdensome due to ongoing medical expenses.
Choice D Reason:
A young family regularly using public transportation services to acquire goods and services may face challenges related to the reliability and availability of public transportation. While public transportation can be cost-effective, it may not always be convenient or accessible, especially for families with young children. This can impact their ability to maintain consistent employment and access essential services, potentially affecting their long-term economic stability.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Increased exposure increases the risk of developing the disease. This statement describes a dose-response relationship, which is another important criterion for establishing causation. It indicates that as the level of exposure to a potential cause increases, the risk of developing the disease also increases. However, this does not specifically address the temporal sequence required to establish causation.
Choice B Reason:
The exposure must come before the disease develops. This is the correct definition of a temporal relationship in epidemiological studies. For causation to be established, it is essential that the exposure to the potential cause occurs before the onset of the disease. This temporal sequence is crucial because it helps to rule out reverse causation, where the disease might influence the exposure rather than the other way around.
Choice C Reason:
When the exposure is decreased or eliminated, the risk of disease declines or is eliminated. This statement describes the concept of reversibility, which is another criterion for causation. It suggests that reducing or removing the exposure should lead to a decrease in the incidence of the disease. While important, it does not specifically define the temporal relationship.
Choice D Reason:
A relationship is biologically plausible, and it makes sense. This statement refers to biological plausibility, which means that the observed association between exposure and disease is consistent with existing biological or medical knowledge. While biological plausibility supports causation, it does not define the temporal sequence necessary to establish a causal relationship.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The first step assists with how to perform a collection of evidence. While collecting evidence is an important part of many toolkits, the University of Kansas toolkit is specifically designed to guide users through a comprehensive process. The focus is on a structured approach rather than just the initial step of evidence collection.
Choice B Reason:
It is used in planning community initiatives. This statement is true but not specific enough to be the standout feature of the toolkit. Many toolkits are used for planning community initiatives. The unique aspect of the University of Kansas toolkit is its structured, step-by-step methodology, which sets it apart from other resources.
Choice C Reason:
It uses a step-by-step approach. This is the correct answer because the University of Kansas toolkit is designed to provide a clear, structured process for users. This approach ensures that all necessary steps are followed systematically, making it easier for community groups to plan and implement their initiatives effectively. The step-by-step methodology is a core feature that enhances the usability and effectiveness of the toolkit.
Choice D Reason:
It is a proprietary document that is used solely within the state of Kansas. This statement is incorrect. The toolkit provided by the University of Kansas is intended for broader use and is not restricted to the state of Kansas. It is designed to be a resource for community groups and organizations regardless of their location, promoting best practices in community planning and development.
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