A public health nurse is educating a newly licensed nurse about sensitivity and specificity using a two-by-two table. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the table related to true positives?
"True positives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person does not have the disease and the test indicates disease."
"True positives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person has the disease and the test indicates the person has the disease."
"True positives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person has the disease and the test does not indicate disease."
"True positives are represented in the table cell that indicates the person does not have the disease and the test does not indicate disease."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A: "True Positives are Represented in the Table Cell that Indicates the Person Does Not Have the Disease and the Test Indicates Disease."
This statement is incorrect. In a two-by-two table used to evaluate diagnostic tests, the cell representing true positives is where both the test result and the actual disease status are positive. This cell indicates that the test correctly identified individuals who have the disease. The statement here describes a false positive, where the test indicates disease, but the person does not actually have it.
Choice B: "True Positives are Represented in the Table Cell that Indicates the Person Has the Disease and the Test Indicates the Person Has the Disease."
This statement is correct. True positives are indeed represented in the cell where both the test result and the actual disease status are positive. This means the test has correctly identified individuals who have the disease. This cell is crucial for calculating the sensitivity of the test, which measures the proportion of actual positives correctly identified by the test.
Choice C: "True Positives are Represented in the Table Cell that Indicates the Person Has the Disease and the Test Does Not Indicate Disease."
This statement describes a false negative, where the person has the disease, but the test fails to detect it. This cell is used to calculate the test's sensitivity, but it does not represent true positives. False negatives are critical to understand because they indicate cases where the test missed the disease.
Choice D: "True Positives are Represented in the Table Cell that Indicates the Person Does Not Have the Disease and the Test Does Not Indicate Disease."
This statement describes true negatives, where the test correctly identifies individuals who do not have the disease. While true negatives are important for calculating the specificity of the test, they do not represent true positives. Specificity measures the proportion of actual negatives correctly identified by the test.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Nominal Group Planning is Best Used in Situations Where the Final Decision is Made by the Nurse Leading the Team
This statement is incorrect. Nominal group planning, also known as the nominal group technique (NGT), is designed to facilitate group decision-making and ensure that all members have an equal opportunity to contribute their ideas. It is not intended for situations where a single individual, such as the nurse leading the team, makes the final decision. Instead, NGT aims to gather diverse perspectives and reach a collective agreement on priorities.
Choice B: Nominal Group Planning is Used for Group Exploration to Allow for the Exchange of Dialogue and Opinions by the Stakeholders
This statement is correct. Nominal group planning is a structured method for group brainstorming that encourages contributions from everyone and facilitates quick agreement on the relative importance of issues, problems, or solutions. It allows for the exchange of dialogue and opinions among stakeholders, ensuring that all voices are heard and considered in the decision-making process.
Choice C: Nominal Group Planning Involves Group Consensus Before Prioritizing Data
While nominal group planning does involve group discussion and the sharing of ideas, it does not necessarily require full consensus before prioritizing data. Instead, it uses a voting system to rank the ideas based on their importance. This method ensures that the most critical issues are identified and prioritized, even if there is not complete agreement among all participants.
Choice D: Nominal Group Planning is Authoritarian with the Key Stakeholder Dictating Prioritization of Community Data
This statement is incorrect. Nominal group planning is not an authoritarian process. It is designed to be democratic and inclusive, allowing all group members to participate equally in the decision-making process. The key stakeholder does not dictate the prioritization of community data; instead, the group collectively determines the priorities through discussion and voting.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Teaching residents about the dangers of lead-based paint is an important public health intervention, especially in older neighborhoods where lead paint may still be present. However, this intervention does not directly address the mobility and transportation issues faced by elderly residents with health problems. It is more relevant to preventing lead poisoning and ensuring safe living environments.
Choice B Reason:
Partnering with local churches and writing grants for childcare funding towards affordable daycares is a valuable community initiative. It supports working families by providing affordable childcare options. However, this intervention does not directly benefit elderly residents with health issues who have trouble getting around. It is more focused on supporting young families rather than addressing the specific needs of the elderly.
Choice C Reason:
Advocating for more transportation to healthcare facilities directly addresses the mobility challenges faced by elderly residents with health issues. Improved transportation options can significantly enhance their access to medical care, ensuring they receive timely treatments and check-ups. This intervention is crucial for maintaining their health and well-being, making it the most relevant and impactful choice for this scenario.
Choice D Reason:
Partnering with a nonprofit organization for the local farmers' market to sell fresh produce twice a week is an excellent initiative to improve access to healthy foods. While this can benefit the elderly by providing easier access to nutritious food, it does not directly address their transportation and mobility issues. It is a supportive measure but not the primary solution for their immediate needs.
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