An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain.

The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something.

Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

Esophagitis.

Chronic pancreatitis.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
Esophagitis refers to inflammation of the esophagus, often due to reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Symptoms may include heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain, but the pain is typically not related to hunger and food intake as described in the scenario.
Choice B rationale
Chronic pancreatitis typically presents with persistent, dull abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, often aggravated by eating rather than relieved by it. The pain associated with chronic pancreatitis is not typically described as gnawing or relieved by eating.
Choice C rationale
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) involves the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain. While GERD can cause epigastric discomfort, the described pattern of pain worsening with hunger and improving after eating is more indicative of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)5.
Choice D rationale
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is the correct answer. The symptoms described, including gnawing epigastric pain that worsens when hungry and improves after eating, are classic manifestations of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Peptic ulcers are erosions in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)5.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Rationale: Administeíing oxygen via nasal cannula is the fiíst píioíity in this scenaíio. ľhe client’s oxygen satuíation is 88% on íoom aií, which indicates hypoxemia. Píoviding supplemental oxygen will help impíove the client’s oxygenation and alleviate symptoms of shoítness of bíeath. Ensuíing adequate oxygenation is cíucial to píevent fuítheí íespiíatoíy distíess and potential complications.
Choice B Rationale: Obtaining a sputum cultuíe is impoítant to identify the causative oíganism of the client’s íespiíatoíy infection and guide appíopíiate antibiotic theíapy. Howeveí, this action is not the immediate píioíity. Addíessing the client’s hypoxemia by administeíing oxygen takes píecedence to stabilize the client’s condition.
Choice C Rationale: Administeíing an antipyíetic medication can help íeduce the client’s feveí and impíove comfoít. Howeveí, this is not the immediate píioíity. ľhe client’s hypoxemia and íespiíatoíy distíess need to be addíessed fiíst by administeíing oxygen.
Choice D Rationale: Encouíaging the client to incíease fluid intake is impoítant foí maintaining hydíation and helping to thin íespiíatoíy secíetions. Howeveí, this action is not the immediate píioíity. ľhe client’s hypoxemia and íespiíatoíy distíess need to be addíessed fiíst by administeíing oxygen.

A. Paresthesia. B. Marginal decline in sensory function. C. Rebound reaction to the needle points. D. Normal sensory finding.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Paresthesia refers to abnormal sensations such as tingling or numbness, which is not indicated by the client’s ability to sense two points at specific distances.
Choice B rationale
A marginal decline in sensory function would be indicated by a significant increase in the distance required to sense two points, which is not the case here.
Choice C rationale
A rebound reaction to the needle points is not a recognized interpretation of the two-point discrimination test.
Choice D rationale
The client’s ability to sense two points at a distance of 3 mm on the fingertips and 10 mm on the palms is within the normal range for two-point discrimination.

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An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain. The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something. Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old male client in the clinic who presents with shortness of breath and a productive cough. The client has a history of smoking and was recently treated with antibiotics for pneumonia. Exhibits Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain.

The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something.

Which problem do these symptoms suggest?