An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain.
The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something.
Which problem do these symptoms suggest?
Esophagitis.
Chronic pancreatitis.
Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD).
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Esophagitis refers to inflammation of the esophagus, often due to reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Symptoms may include heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain, but the pain is typically not related to hunger and food intake as described in the scenario.
Choice B rationale
Chronic pancreatitis typically presents with persistent, dull abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, often aggravated by eating rather than relieved by it. The pain associated with chronic pancreatitis is not typically described as gnawing or relieved by eating.
Choice C rationale
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) involves the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain. While GERD can cause epigastric discomfort, the described pattern of pain worsening with hunger and improving after eating is more indicative of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)5.
Choice D rationale
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is the correct answer. The symptoms described, including gnawing epigastric pain that worsens when hungry and improves after eating, are classic manifestations of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Peptic ulcers are erosions in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)5.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Asking the client if he knows the year he married his wife assesses long-term memory, not recent memory.
Choice B rationale
Determining if the client can recall what he ate for breakfast assesses recent memory but does not provide a comprehensive assessment.
Choice C rationale
Instructing the client to follow a three-step task assesses the client’s ability to process and remember recent information, providing a more thorough evaluation of recent memory.
Choice D rationale
Telling the client to repeat a series of unrelated numbers assesses short-term memory and attention, not specifically recent memory.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying warm blankets to both feet is not the appropriate action when unable to palpate pedal pulses. This action does not address the underlying issue of assessing blood flow.
Choice B rationale
Notifying the healthcare provider is premature without first attempting to locate the pulses using a Doppler ultrasonic stethoscope.
Choice C rationale
Using a Doppler ultrasonic stethoscope is the correct action. This device helps detect and amplify blood flow, allowing the nurse to assess the pulses even if they cannot be palpated manually.
Choice D rationale
Palpating pulse points with legs dependent is not the most effective method to locate non- palpable pulses. Using a Doppler ultrasonic stethoscope is more reliable.
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