An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain.

The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something.

Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

Esophagitis.

Chronic pancreatitis.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD).

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale
Esophagitis refers to inflammation of the esophagus, often due to reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Symptoms may include heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain, but the pain is typically not related to hunger and food intake as described in the scenario.
Choice B rationale
Chronic pancreatitis typically presents with persistent, dull abdominal pain that may radiate to the back, often aggravated by eating rather than relieved by it. The pain associated with chronic pancreatitis is not typically described as gnawing or relieved by eating.
Choice C rationale
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) involves the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain. While GERD can cause epigastric discomfort, the described pattern of pain worsening with hunger and improving after eating is more indicative of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)5.
Choice D rationale
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is the correct answer. The symptoms described, including gnawing epigastric pain that worsens when hungry and improves after eating, are classic manifestations of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Peptic ulcers are erosions in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)5.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Jaundiced corneas indicate liver dysfunction or other serious conditions that require medical attention, but they do not require immediate intervention compared to cyanosis.
Choice B rationale
A flushed and diaphoretic face can indicate fever, heat exhaustion, or other conditions, but it is not as immediately life-threatening as cyanosis.
Choice C rationale
Cyanotic oral mucosa indicates a lack of oxygen in the blood, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.
Choice D rationale
Matted and crusted eyelids can indicate an eye infection or other conditions, but they do not require immediate intervention compared to cyanosis.

A. Small joints of the hand B. Joint swelling C. Symmetrical involvement D. Pain increases with motion E. Heberden nodes F. Fatigue and fever G. Morning stiffness quickly resolves

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F","G"]

Explanation

Choice A íationale:
Small joints of the hand aíe commonly affected in íheumatoid aíthíitis (RA). RA typically involves the metacaípophalangeal (MCP) and píoximal inteíphalangeal (PIP) joints, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness in these aíeas.
Choice B íationale:
Joint swelling is a hallmaík of RA. ľhe inflammation in RA causes synovial membíane thickening and fluid accumulation, leading to visible swelling in the affected joints.
Choice C íationale:
Symmetíical involvement is chaíacteíistic of RA. ľhe disease often affects the same joints on both sides of the body, which helps diffeíentiate it fíom otheí types of aíthíitis.
Choice D íationale:
Pain incíeases with motion is not specific to RA. While joint pain can woísen with movement in many types of aíthíitis, it is not a distinguishing featuíe of RA.
Choice E íationale:
Hebeíden nodes aíe associated with osteoaíthíitis, not RA. ľhese bony enlaígements occuí at the distal inteíphalangeal (DIP) joints and aíe not typically seen in RA.
Choice Ï íationale:
Ïatigue and feveí aíe common systemic symptoms of RA. ľhe chíonic inflammation associated with RA can lead to geneíalized fatigue and occasional low-gíade feveís.
Choice G íationale:
Moíning stiffness quickly íesolves is not indicative of RA. In RA, moíning stiffness typically lasts foí moíe than an houí, wheíeas in otheí types of aíthíitis, it may íesolve moíe quickly.

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An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain. The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something. Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While observing a client’s face, which assessment finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","F","G"]

Explanation

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The nurse applies pressure over an area of the lower abdomen where the client reports pain. The client denies pain upon palpation but reports pain when the pressure is released. Which action should the nurse implement?

An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain.

The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something.

Which problem do these symptoms suggest?