An adult exposed to tuberculosis is scheduled to begin prophylactic treatment with isoniazid. Which information is most important for the nurse to note before administering the initial dose?
Conversion of the client's PPD test from negative to positive
History of intravenous drug abuse
Current diagnosis of hepatitis B
Length of time of the exposure to tuberculosis
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A: Conversion of the client's PPD test from negative to positive is not the most important information for the nurse to note, as this is an expected finding for a client who has been exposed to tuberculosis and does not affect the administration of isoniazid. This is a distractor choice.
Choice B: History of intravenous drug abuse is not the most important information for the nurse to note, as this is not directly related to the use of isoniazid and does not contraindicate its administration. This is another distractor choice.
Choice C: Current diagnosis of hepatitis B is the most important information for the nurse to note, as this can increase the risk of hepatotoxicity and liver damage from isoniazid, which requires close monitoring and possible dose adjustment. Therefore, this is the correct choice.
Choice D: Length of time of the exposure to tuberculosis is not the most important information for the nurse to note, as this does not influence the dosage or frequency of isoniazid and does not indicate any complication or adverse reaction. This is another distractor choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice B reason: Arranging diet schedule around three regular meals a day is not a sufficient point for disease and symptom management for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a condition that affects the body's ability to produce or use insulin, a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. Eating three regular meals a day may not be enough to control blood glucose levels and prevent complications such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. The nurse should teach the client to follow a balanced diet that includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and fiber, and to eat smaller portions more frequently throughout the day.
Choice C reason: Using garlic, herbs, and spices will improve the flavor of food is not a specific point for disease and symptom management for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Garlic, herbs, and spices are natural ingredients that can enhance the taste and aroma of food, but they do not have a direct impact on blood glucose levels or diabetes complications. The nurse should teach the client to limit the intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats, and to choose foods that are low in glycemic index and high in antioxidants.
Choice D reason: Inspecting feet every month for ingrown nails, cuts, and calluses is not a frequent enough point for disease and symptom management for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus can cause damage to the blood vessels and nerves in the feet, leading to reduced sensation, poor circulation, infection, ulceration, and amputation. The nurse should teach the client to inspect feet every day for any signs of injury or infection, and to wash, dry, moisturize, and protect them properly. The nurse should also advise the client to wear comfortable shoes and socks, avoid walking barefoot, and seek medical attention for any foot problems.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A: Avoid salt substitutes. This client needs additional education, as salt substitutes may contain potassium, which can increase the risk of hyperkalemia in clients with coronary artery disease. The nurse should teach the client to use herbs, spices, or lemon juice to flavor food instead of salt or salt substitutes.
Choice B: Consume canned vegetables. This client needs additional education, as canned vegetables may contain sodium, which can increase the blood pressure and worsen coronary artery disease. The nurse should teach the client to choose fresh or frozen vegetables instead of canned ones.
Choice C: Include oatmeal for breakfast. This client does not need additional education, as oatmeal is a good source of soluble fiber, which can lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. The nurse should praise the client for this healthy choice.
Choice D: Identify foods with saturated fats. This client does not need additional education, as identifying foods with saturated fats is an important step to avoid them. Saturated fats can raise cholesterol and increase the risk of coronary artery disease. The nurse should teach the client to limit saturated fats to less than 10% of total calories per day.
Choice E: Walk 30 minutes per day. This client does not need additional education, as walking 30 minutes per day is a recommended physical activity for clients with coronary artery disease. Physical activity can improve blood circulation, lower blood pressure, and reduce stress. The nurse should encourage the client to walk at a moderate pace and consult with the healthcare provider before starting any exercise program.
Choice F: Keep a food diary. This client does not need additional education, as keeping a food diary is a helpful tool to monitor dietary intake and identify areas for improvement. The nurse should teach the client to record the type, amount, and time of food consumed, as well as any symptoms or feelings associated with eating.
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