An adult patient gives implied consent to a phlebotomist when which of the following occurs?
When the patient signs a release for their laboratory results.
When the patient signs a document of agreement for a research study.
When the patient offers their arm out to the phlebotomist.
When the patient's family member nods for the phlebotomist to proceed.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A Reason:
Signing a release for laboratory results is a form of expressed consent, not implied consent. Expressed consent is given explicitly, either orally or in writing, and is clearly and unmistakably communicated.
Choice B Reason:
Similarly, signing a document of agreement for a research study is another example of expressed consent. The patient is actively agreeing to participate in the study, which is a direct and informed action.
Choice C Reason:
Implied consent occurs when a patient's actions suggest consent without verbal or written confirmation. Offering an arm to a phlebotomist is a non-verbal communication that implies the patient is willing to have their blood drawn. This is a common practice in medical settings where the action of presenting an arm indicates readiness for the procedure.
Choice D Reason:
A family member nodding for a phlebotomist to proceed does not constitute the patient's implied consent. Consent must come directly from the patient unless they are unable to provide it, in which case a legal surrogate may give consent on their behalf.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
A patient's room number is not a unique identifier as it is subject to change. Patients may be moved to different rooms during their hospital stay, and room numbers are not specific to individuals.
Choice B reason:
A patient's bed label is also not a unique identifier. Like room numbers, bed labels can change if patients are moved within the hospital for various reasons, such as changes in their medical condition or room availability.
Choice C reason:
The patient's inpatient chart demographic information is the correct unique identifier to use. This typically includes the patient's name, date of birth, and a unique medical record number assigned by the healthcare facility. These details are specific to the individual and do not change, making them reliable for patient identification.
Choice D reason:
A patient's verbal confirmation alone is not sufficient as a unique identifier. While it is important to engage the patient in the identification process, verbal confirmation must be used in conjunction with other identifiers to ensure accuracy, as patients may be confused or unable to communicate effectively.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Chilling the sample is the correct method for preparing a lactic acid sample for processing and transportation. Lactic acid levels can continue to change after the blood is drawn due to ongoing cellular metabolism. Chilling the sample slows down this metabolism, preserving the accuracy of the lactic acid measurement. The sample should be placed on ice or in a refrigerated environment as soon as possible after collection.
Choice B reason:
While protecting the sample from light is important for some types of specimens, it is not the primary concern for lactic acid samples. The key factor for lactic acid stability is temperature control, not light exposure. Therefore, while it may be beneficial to keep the sample out of direct sunlight, chilling it is the priority to prevent changes in lactic acid levels.
Choice C reason:
Attaching a heat block to the sample is not a recommended method for lactic acid samples. Heat can increase metabolic activity, potentially altering the lactic acid levels in the sample. This would lead to inaccurate results, as the goal is to preserve the state of the sample at the time of collection.
Choice D reason:
Freezing the sample is not typically recommended for immediate processing and transportation of a lactic acid sample. While freezing can preserve certain types of specimens for long-term storage, it is not necessary for short-term transport and can cause issues such as hemolysis, which may interfere with the test results.
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