An older adult client is admitted for repair of a broken hip. To reduce the risk for infection in the postoperative period, what nursing care intervention(s) should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Maintain sequential compression devices while in bed.

Teach client to use incentive spirometer every 2 hours while awake.

Assess pain level and medicate PRN as prescribed.

Remove urinary catheter as soon as possible and encourage voiding.

Administer low molecular weight heparin as prescribed.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D

SCDs are effective for preventing DVT but are not directly related to infection prevention. The focus here is more on preventing respiratory and urinary infections.

B.   Teaching the client to use an incentive spirometer every 2 hours while awake helps prevent
atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting deep breathing and lung expansion, reducing the risk of respiratory infections.
C.   Assessing pain level and medicating PRN as prescribed is important for postoperative comfort but is not directly related to reducing the risk of infection.
D.   Removing the urinary catheter as soon as possible and encouraging voiding helps reduce the risk of urinary tract infections, which are common in clients with prolonged catheter use.
E.   Low molecular weight heparin helps prevent blood clots, reducing the risk of thrombosis, which can increase the risk of postoperative complications, including infections.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ask the client to take short, rapid breaths: This can increase respiratory rate and may exacerbate the client's shortness of breath.
B. Instruct the client in pursed lip breathing: Pursed lip breathing can help improve gas exchange and reduce dyspnea by slowing down the client's respiratory rate and increasing oxygenation.
C. Increase oxygen to three L/minute: Increasing oxygen without assessing the client's oxygen saturation may lead to oxygen toxicity and is not indicated without further assessment.
D. Have the client breathe into a paper bag: This intervention is not appropriate for a client with chronic obstructive lung disease experiencing shortness of breath. It is typically used for clients experiencing hyperventilation.

A. Body mass index (BMI) 28 kg/m2 B. Sister with type 2 diabetes mellitus C. Cannabis use D. High density lipoprotein 43 mg/dL

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight., A BMI of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight. Being overweight is a known modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client can potentially lower his risk of developing diabetes by adopting a healthier lifestyle, which may include diet and exercise to achieve a healthier BMI.

Family history is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Having a first- degree relative with diabetes increases a person's risk of developing the condition. This risk factor is non-modifiable as one cannot change their genetic makeup or family history.

There is no conclusive evidence that links occasional cannabis use to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, lifestyle choices are generally considered modifiable risk factors. It's important to consider the overall lifestyle and health behaviors of the individual.

HDL cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a lower risk of heart disease, which is a common comorbidity of diabetes.An HDL level lower than the recommended range is a modifiable risk factor as it can often be increased through lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.

While HDL levels are not a direct risk factor for diabetes, they are related to the overall metabolic health of an individual, which can influence the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

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An older adult client is admitted for repair of a broken hip. To reduce the risk for infection in the postoperative period, what nursing care intervention(s) should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with chronic obstructive lung disease who is receiving oxygen at 1.5 L/minute by nasal cannula, is currently short of breath. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Exhibits Review History and Physical, and laboratory results. Based on the finding, indicate whether the finding represents a modifiable risk factor, a non modifiable risk factor, or is unrelated to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

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