An older adult client with a number of comorbidities is assessed by the home health nurse. Which problem is most important for the nurse to investigate further?
Caregiver stress.
Medication interactions.
Urinary incontinence.
Social isolation.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Caregiver stress can impact the quality of care and lead to burnout, but it is not immediately life-threatening to the client. It should be addressed but is not the top priority.
Choice B reason: Polypharmacy is common in older adults with multiple comorbidities. Drug interactions can lead to serious adverse effects such as falls, confusion, organ dysfunction, or hospitalization. This poses a direct threat to client safety and requires immediate review.
Choice C reason: Urinary incontinence affects quality of life and may lead to skin breakdown or infection, but it is not as critical as medication safety in this context.
Choice D reason: Social isolation contributes to depression and cognitive decline but does not carry the same acute risk as medication interactions in a medically complex patient.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Asking about the type of work may help assess transmission risk, especially if the client handles food, but it does not directly address the public health concern. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious, and delaying guidance while gathering information may increase exposure risk.
Choice B reason: Wearing a face mask does not prevent the spread of viral conjunctivitis, which is transmitted primarily through direct contact with eye secretions or contaminated surfaces. Masks may reduce respiratory droplet transmission but are ineffective for eye-related viral spread.
Choice C reason: Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious, especially in the early stages. The nurse should advise the client to stay home for several days to prevent transmission to coworkers and customers. This recommendation aligns with infection control protocols and protects public health, particularly in food service environments.
Choice D reason: While dark glasses may help with photophobia, they do not prevent transmission or address the public health risk. This advice is supportive but not sufficient as a primary intervention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Scheduled immunizations are administered using sterile technique and do not transmit disease. Vaccines are designed to prevent illness, not cause it, and are not a source of vertical transmission.
Choice B reason: Spoiled baby food may cause foodborne illness, but this is considered horizontal transmission. Vertical transmission refers to disease passed from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
Choice C reason: Mosquito bites are a form of horizontal transmission and are not relevant to vertical transmission. Diseases like malaria or Zika may be transmitted this way, but not from mother to child directly.
Choice D reason: Breastfeeding is a known route of vertical transmission for certain infections such as HIV and cytomegalovirus. The nurse should investigate maternal health status and potential infectious exposures to determine the source of transmission.
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