An older client with a history of lung disease is admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath and a productive cough. The client states, "I've been so nervous. I haven't eaten all day." What need should the nurse prioritize?
Lack of oxygen
Lack of nutrition
Lack of support
Lack of rest
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Oxygenation is a fundamental physiological need and must be prioritized above all others, especially in a client with a history of lung disease presenting with shortness of breath and a productive cough. These symptoms suggest impaired gas exchange, which can rapidly become life-threatening. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and clinical triage principles, airway and breathing are always addressed first to prevent hypoxia and respiratory failure.
Choice B reason: While nutrition is important, it is not immediately life-threatening in the context of acute respiratory distress. The client’s lack of food intake may contribute to weakness, but it does not supersede the need for oxygen.
Choice C reason: Emotional support is part of psychosocial care and is essential for holistic nursing, but it is not the priority when a client is experiencing respiratory compromise. Support can be provided once the client is stabilized.
Choice D reason: Rest is beneficial for recovery, especially in respiratory illness, but it cannot be prioritized over oxygenation. Without adequate oxygen, rest alone will not improve the client’s condition and may worsen hypoxia if not addressed.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Diet is a modifiable risk factor. Individuals can change their eating habits to reduce health risks such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
Choice B reason: Physical activity level is modifiable. Even older adults can improve their health outcomes by increasing mobility and exercise.
Choice C reason: Alcohol consumption is a behavioral choice and therefore modifiable. Reducing or eliminating binge drinking can significantly lower health risks.
Choice D reason: Family history is a nonmodifiable risk factor. Genetic predisposition cannot be changed, although awareness of this risk can guide preventive strategies and early screening.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Perceived barriers refer to the individual's assessment of the obstacles that prevent them from taking action. In this case, the client is concerned about the side effects of the medication, which represents a psychological or physical barrier to adherence. This component of the Health Belief Model directly influences whether the client will follow through with the recommended treatment.
Choice B reason: Perceived financial costs relate to economic concerns such as affordability of medication or healthcare services. The client did not mention financial issues, so this is not the influencing factor in this scenario.
Choice C reason: Perceived severity involves the individual’s belief about the seriousness of a condition and its potential consequences. While this may play a role in overall behavior, the client’s statement focuses on side effects, not the severity of hypertension.
Choice D reason: Perceived benefits refer to the belief in the effectiveness of the advised action to reduce risk or severity. The client acknowledges the need to take medication, indicating some recognition of benefits, but the concern about side effects shows that barriers are more influential at this moment.
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