Assessment Data: The patient's incision is clean, dry, and intact with staples.
A nurse is collecting data during the assessment of a patient.
During the assessment, the nurse collects both subjective and objective data.
Determine which data is subjective.
The patient refused breakfast after vomiting 200 mL green emesis.
The patient reports having sharp, burning pain with urination.
The patient's catheter drained 400 mL of urine during the last 8 hours.
The patient complains of extreme nausea upon awakening.

Choice A rationale

Signing on with a password authenticates the user and allows them to enter information, but it does not prevent someone with the same password or unauthorized access from altering previously entered data. Passwords control who can access the system, not what they can do once logged in.

Choice B rationale

Charting in privacy ensures confidentiality while the nurse is documenting, preventing unauthorized individuals from viewing the information as it is being entered. However, it does not prevent authorized users from later altering the data.

Choice C rationale

Logging off the electronic documentation system after each entry is crucial for preventing unauthorized access and alterations. Once logged off, the nurse's session is closed, requiring a new login to make any changes, thus ensuring accountability for each entry.

Choice D rationale

Charting in code or using abbreviations can help maintain patient privacy to some extent but does not inherently prevent alteration of the information once it has been entered into the system. Codes can be understood by those with access. \

Choice A rationale

Providing additional written instructions is a helpful teaching strategy but does not directly demonstrate the patient's ability to self-administer the injection correctly. It addresses the teaching method, not the outcome of the teaching.

Choice B rationale

The patient denying concerns does not necessarily indicate successful learning. The patient might have unexpressed concerns or may not fully understand the procedure despite verbalizing otherwise. This statement reflects the patient's verbalization, not their demonstrated skill.

Choice C rationale

The patient correctly self-administering their next scheduled dose of insulin is the most direct and reliable evidence that the teaching was successful. It demonstrates that the patient has acquired the necessary knowledge and skills to perform the injection safely and accurately in a real-life situation.

Choice D rationale

Identifying the steps and equipment used indicates that the patient has some understanding of the procedure. However, it does not guarantee that they can perform the injection correctly. Practical demonstration is required to confirm successful learning of a psychomotor skill.