Chronic inflammation of the skin with increased sensitivity to irritants, such as soaps, certain fabrics, or changes in temperature and humidity is called:
Ringworm.
Eczema.
Psoriasis.
Impetigo
The Correct Answer is B
A. Ringworm is incorrect because ringworm (tinea) is a superficial fungal infection of the skin characterized by circular, scaly, and often itchy lesions. It is caused by dermatophytes and is not primarily an inflammatory reaction to irritants.
B. Eczema is correct because eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that results in redness, itching, and increased sensitivity to environmental irritants such as soaps, detergents, certain fabrics, or changes in temperature and humidity. The skin barrier is compromised, making the skin more prone to irritation, dryness, and secondary infections. Eczema often follows a relapsing course with flare-ups triggered by allergens or irritants.
C. Psoriasis is incorrect because psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by rapid proliferation of skin cells, leading to thick, silvery, scaly plaques. It is not primarily caused by external irritants, although trauma or stress can exacerbate it.
D. Impetigo is incorrect because impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the skin, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. It presents as vesicles or pustules that rupture and form honey-colored crusts. It is an infectious condition, not a chronic inflammatory response to irritants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues is correct because erythrocytes (red blood cells) contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the lungs and carries it to tissues and organs throughout the body. Hemoglobin also plays a role in transporting a small portion of carbon dioxide back to the lungs, but the primary function of erythrocytes is oxygen delivery.
B. Form blood clots to stop bleeding is incorrect because this is the function of platelets (thrombocytes), which aggregate at sites of vascular injury to initiate clot formation and prevent excessive blood loss.
C. Remove carbon dioxide from the body is incorrect because, although erythrocytes assist in transporting some carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs, this is not their main purpose. Carbon dioxide removal is a secondary function compared with oxygen transport.
D. Produce antibodies for immune responses is incorrect because antibody production is performed by B lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). Erythrocytes do not have immune functions and are solely involved in gas transport.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Development of an odd-shaped lesion or new mole is correct because new or unusually shaped lesions can indicate abnormal cell growth. The appearance of a mole that differs from existing moles (the “ugly duckling” sign) is a warning sign of potential skin cancer.
B. A lesion that does not heal is correct because non-healing sores, ulcers, or lesions can indicate skin malignancy, particularly squamous cell carcinoma or melanoma. Persistent lesions should be evaluated promptly.
C. A change in the shape, color, or size of a mole is correct because changes in a mole are part of the ABCDE warning signs of melanoma. Rapid changes or irregular features are concerning for malignancy.
D. Freckles that darken slightly with sun exposure is incorrect because normal freckles darken with UV exposure but are not considered warning signs. This is a physiologic response to sunlight, not indicative of cancer.
E. Skin lesions that repeatedly bleed is correct because recurrent bleeding, especially from a mole, lesion, or sore, is a classic warning sign of malignant transformation. Bleeding often occurs due to fragile, abnormal blood vessels within the lesion.
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