Common side effects of a bronchodilator include:
Elevated WBC count and increased serum potassium
Nervousness, palpitations and tremors
Urinary retention and gynecomastia
Steven Johnson Syndrome
The Correct Answer is B
A. Elevated WBC count and increased serum potassium are not common side effects of bronchodilators. These might be seen in other conditions or medications, but not typically with bronchodilators.
B. Nervousness, palpitations, and tremors are common side effects of bronchodilators, particularly beta-agonist bronchodilators like albuterol. These symptoms occur because bronchodilators stimulate beta receptors in the body, leading to increased heart rate and stimulation of the nervous system.
C. Urinary retention and gynecomastia are more commonly associated with other medications, such as anticholinergics or certain hormonal treatments, not bronchodilators.
D. Steven Johnson Syndrome is a rare and severe skin reaction that can occur with certain medications, but it is not a common side effect of bronchodilators.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bicarbonate is a buffer in the blood that helps maintain pH balance, but it is not a gas and does not directly regulate breathing.
B. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the primary regulator of respiration. Elevated CO₂ levels in the blood lower pH (making it more acidic), which stimulates chemoreceptors to increase the rate and depth of breathing to expel more CO₂ and restore balance.
C. Nitrogen makes up the majority of the air we breathe, but it is inert and plays no active role in regulating respiration.
D. Oxygen does influence breathing, especially at very low levels, but it is not the primary driver. In healthy individuals, CO₂ levels are the main factor controlling respiratory rate.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The cerebral cortex is involved in higher brain functions like thinking and voluntary control of breathing but does not contain central chemoreceptors.
B. Central chemoreceptors are located in the medulla oblongata, a part of the brain stem. They detect changes in the pH of cerebrospinal fluid, which reflects CO₂ levels in the blood, and help regulate breathing accordingly.
C. The aorta contains peripheral chemoreceptors, not central ones. These aortic bodies monitor blood oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH, but they are outside the central nervous system.
D. The cerebellum coordinates motor control and balance and does not play a role in chemoreception.
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