Hypoxemia is:
Deficiency of oxygen in the blood
Excess oxygen in the blood
Excess oxygen in the tissues
Excess carbon dioxide in the blood
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hypoxemia specifically refers to low levels of oxygen in the arterial blood, which can lead to tissue hypoxia if not corrected. It is often detected through arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis or pulse oximetry.
B. Excess oxygen in the blood is rare and may occur with supplemental oxygen therapy, but it is not the definition of hypoxemia.
C. Excess oxygen in the tissues is not a standard clinical term and does not relate to the condition known as hypoxemia.
D. Excess carbon dioxide in the blood is called hypercapnia, not hypoxemia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Inspiration is the phase when air is drawn into the lungs and alveoli.
B. Inhalation is synonymous with inspiration, referring to the process of taking air into the lungs.
C. Compliance refers to the ability of the lungs to stretch and expand, not a phase of ventilation.
D. Exhalation (or expiration) is the phase where air is expelled from the alveoli, moving out of the lungs and through the respiratory tract.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Effusion refers to the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, not a substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli.
B. Bicarbonate is an important component in the buffering system of the blood, but it does not reduce surface tension in the lungs.
C. Exudate is fluid that leaks out of blood vessels due to inflammation or injury, often seen in conditions like pneumonia or pleuritis, but it does not affect surface tension in the alveoli.
D. Surfactant is a lipid-protein mixture produced by type II alveolar cells in the lungs. It reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing the lungs from collapsing and making it easier to breathe.
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