Cushings Triad is an ominous sign including the following:
Elevated blood glucose is remarkable with Cushings triad
Cushings Triad includes a positive Macawens sign
Cushings triad includes tachycardia, seizures and rapid respirations
Bradycardia, irregular respirations and a widening pulse pressure.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Elevated blood glucose is remarkable with Cushing's Triad:
Elevated blood glucose is not one of the components of Cushing's Triad. The triad focuses on cardiovascular and respiratory changes associated with increased intracranial pressure, not blood glucose levels.
B. Cushing's Triad includes a positive Macawen's sign:
Macawen's sign is not part of Cushing's Triad. Cushing's Triad is specifically related to the physiological responses seen in response to increased intracranial pressure and is not associated with Macawen's sign.
C. Cushing's Triad includes tachycardia, seizures and rapid respirations:
This option is not accurate. Cushing's Triad involves bradycardia (slow heart rate), irregular respirations, and a widening pulse pressure. Tachycardia (rapid heart rate) and seizures are not part of Cushing's Triad but might be indicative of other medical conditions or complications.
D. Bradycardia, irregular respirations and a widening pulse pressure.
Explanation: Cushing's Triad is a set of three clinical signs that are indicative of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and are considered ominous as they suggest serious brain injury or pathology. The triad consists of:
Bradycardia: This refers to a slow heart rate. As intracranial pressure increases, it can lead to a decreased heart rate due to pressure on the brainstem, which is involved in regulating heart rate.
Irregular Respirations: Increased ICP can affect the brainstem's control over breathing, leading to irregular patterns of breathing, often known as Cheyne-Stokes respiration. This is characterized by periods of rapid breathing followed by apnea (temporary cessation of breathing).
Widening Pulse Pressure: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. An increase in ICP can cause an increase in systolic blood pressure and a decrease in diastolic blood pressure, leading to a widening pulse pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Fluid Requirement (mL/24 hours) = Weight (kg) × Fluid Requirement (mL/kg)
Given that the child weighs 70.4 pounds, we first need to convert this weight to kilograms (1 lb = 0.453592 kg):
Weight in kg = 70.4 lb × 0.453592 kg/lb ≈ 31.89 kg
Now, let's calculate the fluid requirement using the given choices:
A) 1740:
Fluid Requirement = 31.89 kg × 55 mL/kg = 1753.95 mL
B) 134056:
This number is significantly larger than any reasonable fluid requirement and is likely an error.
C) 2:
This value is far too low to represent the fluid requirements of a child.
D) 12:
This value is also too low to represent the fluid requirements of a child.
So, the correct answer is A) 1740 mL. The child's estimated daily fluid requirement would be around 1740 mL in a 24-hour period, based on a weight of 70.4 pounds.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Low-protein, low-potassium diet:
While low-protein and low-potassium diets can be appropriate for certain kidney conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, they are not typically the primary focus in the acute phase of glomerulonephritis. Protein restriction might be considered if there is significant kidney damage, and potassium levels are elevated.
B) Low-sodium fluid-restricted diet:
This is the most appropriate option. In acute glomerulonephritis, the kidneys' ability to regulate sodium and fluid balance may be impaired due to inflammation and decreased glomerular filtration. Fluid retention and peripheral edema are common. A low-sodium diet helps reduce fluid retention and manage edema.
C) Low carbohydrate, low-protein diet:
Low-carbohydrate and low-protein diets are not the main dietary considerations for acute glomerulonephritis. The primary focus is on managing sodium and fluid intake due to impaired kidney function.
D) Regular diet, no added salt:
A regular diet without added salt might exacerbate the fluid retention and edema associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Sodium intake needs to be controlled to prevent further fluid buildup.
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