During a health history, a 48-year-old client states, "I've noticed that I need to hold my newspaper farther away so that I can read it." Which of the following would the nurse suspect?

Presbyopia

Cataracts

Tropia

Myopia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Presbyopia: Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the lens of the eye loses elasticity, making it harder to focus on close objects. This condition typically begins to affect individuals around the age of 40, causing them to hold reading materials farther away to see them clearly. The client's complaint aligns perfectly with this common symptom of presbyopia.

B) Cataracts: Cataracts involve the clouding of the eye's lens, leading to overall blurry vision, glare, and difficulty with night vision. Although cataracts can interfere with reading, they do not specifically cause the need to hold reading materials farther away, which is more indicative of presbyopia.

C) Tropia: Tropia is a type of strabismus where one eye deviates from normal alignment, leading to symptoms like double vision or eye strain. This condition affects how the eyes coordinate but does not typically cause the specific symptom of needing to hold reading materials farther away.

D) Myopia: Myopia, or nearsightedness, results in clear vision for close objects but blurry vision for distant objects. The client's issue of needing to hold reading materials farther away to see clearly is inconsistent with myopia, which would cause difficulty with distant vision instead.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Snellen chart:

The Snellen chart is used to assess distance vision, not near vision. It consists of letters or symbols arranged in rows, with the client typically asked to read from a specific distance to test visual acuity.

B) Penlight:

A penlight is primarily used to assess pupillary reactions and near vision tasks such as accommodation. It helps examine how the pupils respond to light and how well the eyes focus on near objects.

C) Magazine:

A magazine or similar reading material is commonly used to assess near vision. Clients are asked to read the text at a comfortable distance, evaluating their ability to focus on close-up objects and the clarity of their vision.

D) Ophthalmoscope:

An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the interior structures of the eye, such as the retina and optic nerve head. It is not used for assessing near vision but rather for diagnosing conditions affecting the eye's internal structures.

A. Concussions in sports and motor vehicle accidents cause the largest number of TBIS in teens. B. Females have twice the risk that males do. C. Falls occur more frequently in the younger population. D. Most firearm incidents are accidental.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Concussions in sports and motor vehicle accidents cause the largest number of TBIs in teens: Adolescents are particularly susceptible to TBIs due to their frequent involvement in contact sports like football, soccer, and hockey, as well as risky behaviors associated with driving. These activities are leading causes of TBIs in this age group, making education on safety measures and proper use of protective equipment essential in prevention efforts.

B) Females have twice the risk that males do: This statement is incorrect. In reality, males are more likely to sustain TBIs than females, especially in adolescence. The higher risk in males is largely due to their greater participation in high-impact sports and higher likelihood of being involved in motor vehicle accidents.

C) Falls occur more frequently in the younger population: Although falls are a significant cause of TBIs in young children and older adults, they are not the primary cause in adolescents. Teens are more likely to sustain TBIs from sports injuries and car accidents, making these areas more relevant for preventive education.

D) Most firearm incidents are accidental: While firearm-related TBIs can occur, they are not as common in the adolescent population compared to injuries from sports and motor vehicle accidents. Prevention efforts should focus more on the activities that pose the highest risk for this age group.

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During a health history, a 48-year-old client states, "I've noticed that I need to hold my newspaper farther away so that I can read it." Which of the following would the nurse suspect?

Nursing Test Bank

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