Emma, a 25-year-old athlete, undergoes a physical exam. During deep inspiration, which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing the vertical dimensions of her thoracic cavity?

Transversus thoracis

Internal intercostals

Diaphragm

External intercostals

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Transversus thoracis is involved in expiration rather than inspiration.

B. Internal intercostals primarily aid in forced expiration.

C. The diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inspiration, increasing the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity and allowing air to enter the lungs.
D. External intercostals help elevate the ribs during inspiration but do not contribute significantly to increasing the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Multiple rib fractures are unlikely to enhance gas diffusion; instead, they can impair ventilation by reducing the ability of the chest wall to expand.
B. Multiple rib fractures can indeed increase the workload of the diaphragm as it tries to compensate for the decreased ability of the chest wall to expand during breathing.

C. Multiple rib fractures can restrict chest wall movement, leading to compromised ventilation efficiency.
D. Multiple rib fractures wouldn't directly improve pulmonary blood supply; they can lead to pain and impaired lung function.

A. Do you have a productive cough? B. Are you taking any other medications? C. Have you ever had oral herpes? D. How often do you brush your teeth?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While coughing may be a symptom of certain conditions, it's not directly related to the presence of white lesions in the throat.
B. Chemotherapy can suppress the immune system and predispose patients to oral candidiasis (thrush). It's important to inquire about other medications that may contribute to this condition or interact with chemotherapy.
C. Oral herpes typically presents as cold sores or fever blisters and may not be directly related to the white lesions observed.

D. While oral hygiene is important, the presence of white lesions in James's throat is more likely related to his medical condition and treatment than to dental hygiene habits.

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Emma, a 25-year-old athlete, undergoes a physical exam. During deep inspiration, which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing the vertical dimensions of her thoracic cavity?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

George, a 15-year-old man, is brought to the ESL with multiple rib fractures following a motor vehicle accident. How could this injury affect his respiratory system?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

James, 35, who is undergoing chemotherapy, has white lesions resembling milk curds in the back of his throat. His CBC shows reduced counts across the board. What question should the nurse ask?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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