Emma, a 25-year-old athlete, undergoes a physical exam. During deep inspiration, which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing the vertical dimensions of her thoracic cavity?

Transversus thoracis

Internal intercostals

Diaphragm

External intercostals

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Transversus thoracis is involved in expiration rather than inspiration.

B. Internal intercostals primarily aid in forced expiration.

C. The diaphragm contracts and moves downward during inspiration, increasing the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity and allowing air to enter the lungs.
D. External intercostals help elevate the ribs during inspiration but do not contribute significantly to increasing the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering antipsychotic medication is not indicated for managing acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis.
B. Plasmapheresis, also known as plasma exchange, is a treatment option for severe, steroid-resistant exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. It involves removing and replacing the plasma to remove circulating antibodies that may contribute to the exacerbation.
C. Starting an exercise program may be beneficial for overall health in multiple sclerosis but is not a priority intervention during an acute exacerbation.
D. Applying hot compresses to affected limbs may provide symptomatic relief but is not a priority intervention for managing acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis.

A. Start a cardiac rehabilitation program. B. Scoliosis screening C. Administer pain management protocols D. Respiratory assessment

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While cardiac rehabilitation may be necessary for Timothy in the future due to his cardiomyopathy, his current symptoms and elevated creatine kinase levels warrant immediate attention to other potential complications.

B. While scoliosis screening may be necessary given Timothy's symptoms, it is not the most urgent priority.
C. Pain management may be necessary for Timothy, but his respiratory status should be assessed first to ensure adequate oxygenation.
D. Given Timothy's symptoms and potential complications such as respiratory muscle weakness associated with his elevated creatine kinase levels, a respiratory assessment is the most urgent priority to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation

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Emma, a 25-year-old athlete, undergoes a physical exam. During deep inspiration, which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing the vertical dimensions of her thoracic cavity?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

James, 45, has a past medical history of depression and a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. His lumbar puncture shows oligoclonal bands, and he's experiencing an acute exacerbation. In addition to administering corticosteroids, what is another priority intervention for acute exacerbations?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Timothy, 10, frequently falls and has a waddling gait. His creatine kinase is 4,000 U/L (normal is 22-198 U/L). Echocardiogram reveals early signs of cardiomyopathy. What is the most urgent nursing priority?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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