Fluid volume deficit related to:
lack of exercise.
excessive food intake.
bed rest.
excessive GI losses.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Lack of exercise primarily affects the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems and is not a direct cause of fluid volume deficit. While it can indirectly impact overall health, it doesn't typically lead to significant fluid loss.
Choice B rationale
Excessive food intake, especially if high in sodium, can actually lead to fluid volume excess rather than deficit due to osmotic shifts and water retention.
Choice C rationale
Bed rest can lead to some fluid redistribution within the body but does not directly cause a significant loss of total body fluid. Immobility can affect other physiological processes more directly.
Choice D rationale
Excessive gastrointestinal losses, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or drainage from nasogastric tubes or ostomies, directly remove significant amounts of fluid and electrolytes from the body, leading to fluid volume deficit.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This statement is written as a patient outcome, not a nursing diagnosis. A nursing diagnosis identifies a patient problem based on assessment data. Outcome statements describe the desired change in patient status as a result of nursing interventions and should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART).
Choice B rationale
Similar to Choice A, this statement describes a desired patient outcome with specific criteria. While it includes evidence of improvement, it does not identify the underlying nursing diagnosis or the "related to" factor causing the potential nutritional deficit. A nursing diagnosis requires identifying the problem, its cause, and supporting evidence.
Choice C rationale
This statement correctly identifies a nursing diagnosis with three parts: the problem ("Impaired physical mobility"), the etiology or related factor ("related to extreme weakness"), and the supporting evidence ("as evidenced by the inability to perform active ROM exercises, inability to transfer from bed to chair, and use of a walker when ambulating"). This structure is characteristic of an accurate nursing diagnosis.
Choice D rationale
This statement presents an inaccurate and judgmental related factor ("due to the patient being lazy"). Nursing diagnoses should be based on physiological, psychological, sociological, or spiritual responses to health conditions or life processes, not on subjective or potentially stigmatizing attributions. Additionally, the evidence provided describes the skin breakdown but the stated cause is inappropriate and unprofessional.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Producing clinical pathways is an application of informatics, where data and technology are used to standardize care processes for specific conditions. However, this is a specific outcome of informatics rather than the overarching definition of the field itself. Informatics encompasses a broader scope than just the creation of these pathways.
Choice B rationale
Informatics in healthcare is fundamentally about managing knowledge. This involves the acquisition, storage, retrieval, analysis, and dissemination of information to improve decision-making, enhance patient care, and advance healthcare practice. Technology serves as the tool to facilitate this knowledge management.
Choice C rationale
While effective use of informatics tools might indirectly contribute to a more efficient workflow and potentially reduce some stressors, preventing burnout is not the primary definition of informatics. Burnout is a complex issue influenced by various factors beyond information and technology.
Choice D rationale
Providing a safe place to administer care is a fundamental goal of the entire healthcare system, encompassing many aspects beyond informatics. While informatics can contribute to safety through improved communication and access to information, it is not the defining purpose of the field itself.
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