Four patients arrive at the emergency department at the same time. Which patient will the nurse see first?
An infant with temperature of 102.2° F and diarrhea for 3 days
A teenager with a sprained ankle and excessive edema
A middle-aged adult with abdominal pain who is moaning and holding her stomach
An older adult with nausea and vomiting for 3 days with blood pressure 112/60
The Correct Answer is A
A. An infant with temperature of 102.2° F and diarrhea for 3 days: Infants are vulnerable to dehydration and fluid imbalances, which can quickly become life-threatening. A fever of 102.2°F combined with diarrhea for three days raises concern for potential severe dehydration, infection, or sepsis, which requires immediate attention.
B. A teenager with a sprained ankle and excessive edema: While the teenager’s condition is painful, a sprained ankle and excessive edema are generally not life-threatening. This condition can be treated after more urgent cases are addressed.
C. A middle-aged adult with abdominal pain who is moaning and holding her stomach: While abdominal pain may indicate a serious condition, the patient's symptoms don't necessarily suggest an immediate life-threatening situation, particularly if vital signs are stable.
D. An older adult with nausea and vomiting for 3 days with blood pressure 112/60: The blood pressure is within normal limits and while nausea and vomiting for three days are concerning, this patient’s condition is not immediately life-threatening.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. High: The relationship between calcium and phosphate is inverse, meaning when calcium levels rise, phosphate levels tend to decrease, and vice versa. Therefore, the phosphate level would not be expected to be high if the calcium level is within the normal range.
B. The same as the calcium level: While calcium and phosphate levels are related, they do not typically mirror each other directly. They have an inverse relationship, not a one-to-one correlation.
C. Low: Since calcium and phosphate have an inverse relationship, a normal calcium level generally indicates that phosphate levels are also normal, not necessarily low.
D. Normal: With a calcium level of 9.5 mg/dL, which is within the normal range, it is expected that the phosphate level would also be within the normal range, as long as there are no other underlying conditions affecting these levels.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Elevated serum calcium and potassium levels: Hypomagnesemia typically causes decreased calcium levels, not elevated. Additionally, while magnesium helps maintain potassium levels, hypomagnesemia can lead to a drop in potassium, not an elevation.
B. Decreased serum calcium and potassium levels: Hypomagnesemia often leads to low calcium levels due to decreased parathyroid hormone secretion and can cause hypokalemia due to impaired potassium uptake in the kidneys.
C. Impaired acid-base balance: Hypomagnesemia itself does not cause significant acid-base imbalance. It’s more likely to cause electrolyte disturbances especially calcium and potassium, which can lead to arrhythmias, acid-base imbalance is not the primary concern.
D. Bradycardia and cardiac dysrhythmias: While hypomagnesemia can indeed cause cardiac dysrhythmias, a common manifestation is tachycardia rapid heart rate and certain types of arrhythmias like Torsades de Pointes, rather than bradycardia.
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