How is the small intestine adapted for nutrient absorption?
CCK is released from the duodenum to promote liver and pancreatic secretion.
Large surface area due to the presence of the plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli.
Acid secretions from the stomach are neutralized in the duodenum.
The small intestine has haustra and rugae both help in nutrient absorption.
The Correct Answer is B
A. CCK is released from the duodenum to promote liver and pancreatic secretion.: CCK (cholecystokinin) is released by duodenal/jejunal enteroendocrine cells and stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction -this supports digestion but describes a hormonal control mechanism rather than a structural adaptation of the small intestine itself.
B. Large surface area due to the presence of the plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli.: The small intestine’s mucosal folds (plicae circulares), finger-like villi, and microscopic microvilli (brush border) massively increase surface area for absorption.
C. Acid secretions from the stomach are neutralized in the duodenum.: The duodenum receives bicarbonate-rich pancreatic secretions and bile which neutralize gastric acid to create an optimal pH for intestinal enzymes -this is an important functional adaptation that facilitates digestion/absorption but is secondary to the structural surface-area adaptations.
D. The small intestine has haustra and rugae both help in nutrient absorption.: Haustra are sacculations of the large intestine (colon) and rugae are folds in the stomach -neither are features of the small intestine, so this statement is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. Vocal cords: The vocal cords (vocal folds) are mucosal folds that lie within the larynx and produce sound when they vibrate
B. Thyroid cartilage: The thyroid cartilage is the largest laryngeal cartilage (forms the “Adam’s apple”) and provides structural support to the larynx
C. Cricoid cartilage: The cricoid cartilage is a complete ring of cartilage inferior to the thyroid cartilage that forms part of the laryngeal skeleton
D. Laryngopharynx: The laryngopharynx is the lower part of the pharynx (shared passageway for food and air) that lies posterior to the larynx; it is pharyngeal tissue, not a structural component of the larynx itself
E. Epiglottis:The epiglottis is a flap of elastic cartilage attached to the entrance of the larynx that prevents aspiration during swallowing
F. C-rings: “C-rings” typically refer to the incomplete C-shaped cartilaginous rings of the trachea, not the larynx
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Tubular secretion involves the reabsorption of substances from the renal tubules into the peritubular capillaries.: That describes reabsorption, the opposite of secretion.
B. Tubular secretion is a passive process that occurs in the glomerulus, allowing the filtration of waste products.: Filtration in the glomerulus is a separate, largely passive process; tubular secretion is an active transport process occurring in the renal tubules.
C. Tubular secretion is the movement of substances from the blood in the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubules.: This correctly describes tubular secretion (e.g., H⁺, K⁺, drugs) .
D. Tubular secretion primarily occurs in the Bowman's capsule, facilitating the selective reabsorption of essential nutrients.: Bowman's capsule is the site of filtration, not tubular secretion; selective reabsorption occurs later in the tubules.
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