Mechanical breakdown of food begins with: (Select all that apply)

Gallbladder

Tongue

Teeth

Stomach

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Gallbladder: The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile and does not perform mechanical breakdown of food -not a mechanical breakdown structure.
B. Tongue: The tongue manipulates and positions food for chewing and helps form the bolus (mechanical processing) -contributes to mechanical breakdown (correct).
C. Teeth: Teeth chew and physically break food into smaller pieces (mastication), which is the primary start of mechanical digestion -directly responsible for mechanical breakdown (correct).
D. Stomach: The stomach performs mechanical churning and mixing of food (mechanical digestion) but it is not the beginning of mechanical breakdown -chewing in the mouth begins it.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Tubular secretion involves the reabsorption of substances from the renal tubules into the peritubular capillaries.: That describes reabsorption, the opposite of secretion.
B. Tubular secretion is a passive process that occurs in the glomerulus, allowing the filtration of waste products.: Filtration in the glomerulus is a separate, largely passive process; tubular secretion is an active transport process occurring in the renal tubules.
C. Tubular secretion is the movement of substances from the blood in the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubules.: This correctly describes tubular secretion (e.g., H⁺, K⁺, drugs) .
D. Tubular secretion primarily occurs in the Bowman's capsule, facilitating the selective reabsorption of essential nutrients.: Bowman's capsule is the site of filtration, not tubular secretion; selective reabsorption occurs later in the tubules.

A. Pancreas B. Stomach C. Liver D. Spleen

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Pancreas:Most of the pancreas (head, neck, body) lies retroperitoneal (except the tail which may be intraperitoneal).
B. Stomach:The stomach is intraperitoneal (suspended by mesenteries).
C. Liver:The liver is intraperitoneal (covered by visceral peritoneum except at bare area).
D. Spleen:The spleen is intraperitoneal and suspended by ligaments (not retroperitoneal).

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Mechanical breakdown of food begins with: (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with impaired renal function and is reviewing the processes involved in urine formation. Which of the following statements best describes the process of tubular secretion in the nephron?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following structures is typically considered a retroperitoneal organ?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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