How much ATP can oxidation of a 16-carbon atom fatty acid yield?
2 ATP
18 ATP
36 ATP
38 ATP
129 ATP
The Correct Answer is E
A. 2 ATP: This is the ATP yield from glycolysis (net gain), not fatty acid oxidation.
B. 18 ATP: Too low for a 16-carbon fatty acid-this number is far below the actual ATP yield from fatty acid metabolism.
C. 36 ATP: This is the approximate ATP yield from glucose oxidation, not a 16-carbon fatty acid.
D. 38 ATP: Also close to glucose metabolism; still too low.
E. 129 ATP: Beta-oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid (e.g., palmitic acid) generates 129 ATP molecules, making it far more energy-dense than glucose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cooling of the mouth: This causes temporary inhibition of thirst but does not last long-term.
B. Distension of the stomach by ingested water: Stomach distension contributes to short-term thirst relief.
C. A drop in blood osmolarity: This indicates proper hydration and is the main signal for the hypothalamus to turn off the thirst mechanism.
D. Moistening of the mouth: Like cooling, moistening the mouth only provides short-term relief from thirst.
E. Increased salivation: Increased salivation can be a result of hydration but does not directly regulate thirst.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Glomerular filtration rate will increase: Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole increases resistance, raising glomerular pressure and increasing GFR.
B. Urine output will increase: Increased GFR results in more filtrate, which can lead to increased urine output.
C. Systemic blood pressure will go up: This is unlikely to be directly caused by local vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole. Systemic BP is mainly influenced by overall vascular resistance and cardiac output.
D. Net filtration pressure will increase: Efferent arteriole constriction backs up pressure in the glomerulus, increasing net filtration pressure.
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