The most important force causing net outward water flow across capillary walls is
hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood
osmotic pressure of plasma proteins
hydrostatic pressure of interstitial fluid
intracellular hydrostatic pressure
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hydrostatic pressure of capillary blood: This pushes water out of capillaries into the interstitial space-it's the main driver of filtration at the arterial end of capillaries.
B. Osmotic pressure of plasma proteins: This pulls water back into capillaries, opposing outward flow.
C. Hydrostatic pressure of interstitial fluid: This would oppose outward filtration if significant, but it's usually low.
D. Intracellular hydrostatic pressure: This is not relevant to capillary filtration, which occurs between plasma and interstitial fluid.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Lipid absorption: Absorption occurs in the small intestine after fats have been digested into smaller molecules. Bile salts do not absorb lipids directly.
B. Lipid emulsification: Bile salts break large fat globules into smaller droplets in a process called emulsification, which increases the surface area for digestive enzymes like lipase to act.
C. Lipid ingestion: Ingestion refers to eating, not the chemical processing of fats.
D. Lipid digestion: Digestion is primarily performed by lipase, not bile salts. Bile salts prepare fats for digestion.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Extrinsic controls will reduce blood plasma volume while intrinsic controls will increase blood plasma volumes: This is too simplistic. Both can influence fluid volume, but their primary goals differ.
B. Intrinsic controls raise blood pressure while extrinsic controls lower blood pressure: Intrinsic controls maintain GFR, not blood pressure; extrinsic controls (like RAAS and sympathetic input) raise BP.
C. Extrinsic and intrinsic controls work in nearly opposite ways: They serve different purposes rather than being true opposites.
D. Extrinsic controls have the greatest effect on systemic blood pressure while intrinsic controls have a greater effect on GFR: Intrinsic (renal autoregulation) maintains a constant GFR; extrinsic controls (like sympathetic nervous system and RAAS) maintain systemic blood pressure, especially during stress or blood loss.
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