When a strong acid such as HCI is added to the carbonic acid buffer system,
more carbonic acid is formed
hydrochloric acid is neutralized by sodium hydroxide
carbonic acid is converted into bicarbonate
the blood plasma pH is reduced
The Correct Answer is A
A. More carbonic acid is formed: The bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻) binds with H⁺ from HCl, forming carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which helps buffer the drop in pH.
B. Hydrochloric acid is neutralized by sodium hydroxide: Sodium hydroxide is not involved in this buffer system; this describes a basic chemical reaction, not physiological buffering.
C. Carbonic acid is converted into bicarbonate: The reverse happens when acid is added-bicarbonate becomes carbonic acid.
D. The blood plasma pH is reduced: The buffer system prevents a large drop in pH by neutralizing the added acid.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Brain: While amino acids are important in brain metabolism, oxidative deamination primarily occurs in the liver.
B. Blood: The blood transports nitrogenous waste, but deamination doesn’t occur here.
C. Liver: The liver is the major site of oxidative deamination, where amino acids are stripped of their amino groups, forming ammonia, which is then converted to urea.
D. Muscles: Muscles may perform transamination, but oxidative deamination is mainly hepatic.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Terminal sulcus: This is a V-shaped groove on the tongue that marks the division between the anterior and posterior tongue-not related to tongue mobility.
B. Lingual frenulum: This is a fold of mucous membrane under the tongue that may be too short or tight in some children (ankyloglossia or “tongue-tie”), limiting movement. Surgery may involve cutting this to free the tongue.
C. Uvula: The uvula is part of the soft palate and plays a role in speech and swallowing, not tongue movement.
D. Palatine tonsils: These are lymphatic tissues in the oropharynx and have no role in tongue movement.
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