In terms of the incidence and classification of diabetes, maternity nurses should know that:
Type 1 diabetes is most common
Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed
Type 1 diabetes may become type 2 during pregnancy
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) means that the woman will be receiving insulin treatment until 6 weeks after birth
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Type 1 diabetes is not the most common type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin, which is a hormone that regulates the blood glucose level. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood or adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy. Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5% to 10% of all cases of diabetes.
Choice B rationale
Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed. Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body becomes resistant to the action of insulin or the pancreas produces insufficient insulin. Type 2 diabetes usually develops in adulthood and is associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and family history. Type 2 diabetes can be managed with diet, exercise, oral medications, or insulin. Type 2 diabetes accounts for about 90% to 95% of all cases of diabetes. However, many people with type 2 diabetes do not have any symptoms or are unaware of their condition, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and complications.
Choice C rationale
Type 1 diabetes cannot become type 2 during pregnancy. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are different conditions with different causes and treatments. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder that destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, while type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that impairs the insulin sensitivity or secretion. Type 1 diabetes cannot be reversed or prevented, while type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed with lifestyle changes.
Choice D rationale
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) does not mean that the woman will be receiving insulin treatment until 6 weeks after birth. GDM is a condition where the blood glucose level becomes elevated during pregnancy, usually after 24 weeks of gestation. GDM can cause complications for the mother and the fetus, such as preeclampsia, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. GDM can be managed with diet, exercise, oral medications, or insulin. GDM usually resolves after delivery, but the woman should be tested for diabetes 6 to 12 weeks postpartum, as she has a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This is incorrect because variable decelerations are not related to fetal head compression. Fetal head compression causes early decelerations, which are symmetrical and mirror the shape of the uterine contraction.
Choice B rationale
This is correct because variable decelerations are due to umbilical cord compression. Umbilical cord compression reduces the blood flow and oxygen delivery to the fetus, resulting in abrupt and irregular decreases in the fetal heart rate that vary in onset, depth, and duration.
Choice C rationale
This is incorrect because variable decelerations are not caused by uteroplacental insufficiency. Uteroplacental insufficiency causes late decelerations, which are symmetrical and begin after the peak of the uterine contraction.
Choice D rationale
This is incorrect because variable decelerations are not a result of the administration of narcotic analgesics. Narcotic analgesics can cause a decrease in the baseline fetal heart rate and variability, but not variable decelerations.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Age of the client is not a significant risk factor for postpartum hemorrhage. While age can influence overall health and pregnancy complications, it is not directly linked to an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Therefore, the age of the client, in this case, does not increase the risk for postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice B rationale
The use of forceps during delivery can increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Forceps delivery is an assisted delivery method which can cause trauma to the birth canal, leading to increased bleeding after delivery. In this case, the client had a forceps-assisted delivery, which could increase her risk for postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice C rationale
A 4th degree laceration is a severe tear that occurs during delivery, extending to the anal sphincter and rectal mucosa. This type of laceration can lead to significant blood loss and increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. In this case, the client had a 4th degree laceration, which increases her risk for postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice D rationale
A long labor duration can increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Prolonged labor can lead to uterine atony, a condition where the uterus does not contract properly after delivery, leading to increased bleeding. In this case, the client was in labor for 25 hours, which could increase her risk for postpartum hemorrhage.
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