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Inhaled air is first warmed and moistened by the:

Pharynx

Larynx

Nostrils/nares

Alveoli

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Pharynx: Transports air but is not primarily responsible for warming/moistening.

B. Larynx: Functions in voice production and airway protection.

C. Nostrils/nares: Correct; nasal passages warm, moisten, and filter the air.

D. Alveoli: Site of gas exchange, not air conditioning.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Refer to breathing rates: Bradypnea = slow breathing; tachypnea = rapid breathing. Both describe respiratory rates.

B. Are respiratory changes caused by exercise: Tachypnea may occur with exercise, but bradypnea does not.

C. Are upper respiratory infections: These are breathing patterns, not infections.

D. Are relieved by sitting upright: This describes orthopnea, not bradypnea/tachypnea.

A. It is difficult to keep the alveoli open B. Bronchioles relax C. The alveoli fill with water D. Air enters the intrapleural space

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. It is difficult to keep the alveoli open- surfactant reduces alveolar surface tension; without it, alveoli collapse (atelectasis).

B. Bronchioles relax- not directly related to surfactant.

C. The alveoli fill with water- surfactant prevents collapse, not water entry.

D. Air enters the intrapleural space- this would cause a pneumothorax, unrelated to surfactant function.

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Inhaled air is first warmed and moistened by the:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Bradypnea and tachypnea:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

In the absence of surfactants:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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