Which clinical manifestation is most reflective of an early response to hypoxia?

Restlessness

Cyanosis

Apnea

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

Restlessness is often one of the earliest signs of hypoxia. When the body experiences low oxygen levels, the brain is one of the first organs to be affected. This can lead to symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, and restlessness as the brain struggles to function properly without adequate oxygen. These symptoms occur because the body is trying to compensate for the lack of oxygen by increasing respiratory and heart rates, which can make a person feel uneasy or restless.

Choice B Reason:

Cyanosis refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to low oxygen levels in the blood. While cyanosis is a significant indicator of hypoxia, it is typically a later sign. By the time cyanosis is visible, hypoxia has usually been present for some time, and oxygen levels have been critically low. Therefore, it is not the earliest clinical manifestation of hypoxia.

Choice C Reason:

Apnea is the absence of breathing. This is a severe and late sign of hypoxia. When a person stops breathing, it indicates that the body has been deprived of oxygen for an extended period, leading to critical conditions. Apnea is a medical emergency and requires immediate intervention, but it is not an early sign of hypoxia.

Choice D Reason:

Bradycardia is a slower than normal heart rate. Like apnea, bradycardia is a late sign of hypoxia. Initially, the body responds to low oxygen levels by increasing the heart rate (tachycardia) to pump more oxygenated blood to tissues. Bradycardia occurs when the body can no longer compensate, and the heart rate slows down, indicating severe hypoxia and impending failure of the cardiovascular system.

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Correct Answer is ["3"]

Explanation

Step-by-Step Calculation:

Step 1: Determine the dose required.

Dose required = 1.5 mg

Step 2: Determine the dose available per tablet.

Dose available per tablet = 0.5 mg

Step 3: Calculate the number of tablets needed.

Number of tablets = Dose required ÷ Dose available per tablet
Number of tablets = 1.5 mg ÷ 0.5 mg/tablet

Step 4: Perform the division.

1.5 ÷ 0.5 = 3

Result: The nurse should administer 3 tablets.

Therefore, the nurse should administer 3 tablets.

A. Apple juice B. Smoothie C. Mashed potatoes and gravy D. Chicken broth

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Apple juice is an appropriate choice for a full liquid diet. It is a clear liquid that provides hydration and some nutrients without putting strain on the digestive system. Apple juice is easily digestible and does not contain any solid particles that could be problematic for a client recovering from abdominal surgery.

Choice B reason: Smoothies can be included in a full liquid diet as long as they are well-blended and do not contain any solid chunks. Smoothies can provide essential nutrients and calories, which are important for recovery. They can be made with fruits, vegetables, and protein supplements to ensure a balanced intake.

Choice C reason: Mashed potatoes and gravy are not suitable for a full liquid diet. Although mashed potatoes are soft, they are not liquid and can be difficult to digest for someone on a full liquid diet. The gravy may also contain small particles or thickeners that are not appropriate for this diet. A full liquid diet is intended to include only foods that are completely liquid or will turn to liquid at room temperature.

Choice D reason: Chicken broth is an excellent choice for a full liquid diet. It is a clear liquid that provides hydration and some nutrients without adding any solid particles to the diet. Chicken broth is gentle on the digestive system and can help maintain electrolyte balance.

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Which clinical manifestation is most reflective of an early response to hypoxia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin 1.5 mg PO to a client. The amount available is digoxin 0.5 mg tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["3"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client on postoperative day 2 following abdominal surgery. The surgeon prescribes a full liquid diet. Which food choice would be contraindicated for this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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