Normal urine from a healthy person should not contain
creatinine
urobilin
glucose
ammonia
magnesium
The Correct Answer is C
A. Creatinine: Normal waste product from muscle metabolism; excreted in urine.
B. Urobilin: Normal pigment derived from breakdown of hemoglobin; gives urine its yellow color.
C. Glucose: Glucose should be reabsorbed completely in the proximal tubule. Its presence in urine (glucosuria) suggests hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus.
D. Ammonia: Produced from amino acid deamination; found in normal urine.
E. Magnesium: Small amounts are normally excreted in the urine as part of electrolyte balance.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Metabolic acidosis: Caused by metabolic conditions like renal failure or lactic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis: Not caused by lung pathology.
C. Respiratory alkalosis: Occurs with hyperventilation, not in emphysema.
D. Respiratory acidosis: Emphysema impairs gas exchange and reduces CO₂ exhalation, leading to CO₂ retention and respiratory acidosis.
E. Digestive alkalosis: Not a recognized acid-base disturbance.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypoventilation due to acidosis: Hypoventilation would increase CO₂, leading to respiratory acidosis, not hypocapnia.
B. Hypoventilation due to alkalosis: Hypocapnia is a result of hyperventilation, not hypoventilation.
C. Hyperventilation due to acidosis: Hyperventilation is a response to acidosis to blow off CO₂, but hypocapnia itself is a result of hyperventilation.
D. Hyperventilation due to alkalosis: Hypocapnia (low CO₂) leads to respiratory alkalosis. This occurs due to hyperventilation, which blows off too much CO₂.
E. Hypocapnia does not affect ventilation rate: CO₂ levels significantly influence ventilation via central chemoreceptors.
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