Physiological response to fear and anxiety includes which of the following?

Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because safety is the second level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and it includes the needs for security, stability, protection, and freedom from fear and anxiety. The couple who just lost their house in a fire are likely experiencing a threat to their safety needs, as they have lost their shelter, possessions, and sense of security. The nurse should identify and address their safety needs as a priority, and help them find alternative housing, financial assistance, and emotional support.

Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer because self-actualization is the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and it includes the needs for personal growth, fulfillment, and realization of one's potential. The couple who just lost their house in a fire are unlikely to be concerned with their self-actualization needs at this time, as they have more pressing and basic needs to meet. The nurse should focus on their lower-level needs first, before helping them achieve their higher-level needs.

Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer because esteem is the fourth level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and it includes the needs for self-respect, confidence, recognition, and appreciation. The couple who just lost their house in a fire may experience a loss of esteem, as they may feel ashamed, helpless, or worthless. However, their esteem needs are not the most urgent or important at this time, as they have more fundamental needs to satisfy. The nurse should support their esteem needs by showing empathy, respect, and encouragement, but not neglect their lower-level needs.

Choice D reason: This is not the correct answer because love and belonging is the third level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and it includes the needs for affection, intimacy, friendship, and social acceptance. The couple who just lost their house in a fire may benefit from their love and belonging needs, as they may seek comfort, support, and connection from others. However, their love and belonging needs are not the primary or essential at this time, as they have more basic and vital needs to fulfill. The nurse should facilitate their love and belonging needs by providing a caring and compassionate environment, but not overlook their lower-level needs.

Choice A reason: Identification is a defense mechanism where the person adopts the characteristics or behaviors of someone else, usually someone more powerful or successful, to cope with feelings of inadequacy or insecurity.

Choice B reason: Denial is a defense mechanism where the person refuses to accept or acknowledge the reality of a situation or a problem, to avoid dealing with the negative emotions or consequences.

Choice C reason: Displacement is a defense mechanism where the person transfers their feelings or impulses from the original source to a less threatening or more acceptable one, to reduce the anxiety or guilt.

Choice D reason: Rationalization is a defense mechanism where the person uses logical or plausible explanations to justify or excuse their actions or behaviors, to avoid facing the true motives or reasons.