(Quoted statement) A nurse is educating a client's family about chickenpox. The family asks, "What should we do if the child starts scratching the rash?" Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
"You can apply calamine lotion to soothe and dry the lesions.”
"Give the child aspirin to reduce fever and pain.”
"Avoid antiviral drugs to prevent side effects.”
"Let the child play outside to distract from the itching.”
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should recommend applying calamine lotion to soothe and dry the chickenpox lesions. Calamine lotion has a soothing effect on the skin and can help reduce the itching associated with chickenpox. It also helps to dry out the lesions, which may aid in the healing process. However, it is essential to advise the family not to apply calamine lotion on open sores or areas with broken skin to avoid potential irritation.
Choice B rationale:
Giving aspirin to a child with chickenpox is not recommended. Aspirin has been associated with an increased risk of Reye's syndrome in children with viral infections, including chickenpox. Reye's syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that affects the brain and liver.
Choice C rationale:
Antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir, are often prescribed for severe cases of chickenpox or for individuals at high risk of complications. These drugs can help shorten the duration of the illness and reduce the severity of symptoms. They are not to be avoided to prevent side effects, as the benefits generally outweigh the potential risks.
Choice D rationale:
Allowing the child to play outside may not be the best approach to distract them from itching. It is crucial to prevent the child from scratching the rash to avoid secondary bacterial infections and scarring. Engaging the child in indoor activities and providing distractions that do not involve scratching would be a safer approach.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Young age. This statement is incorrect. While shingles is more common in older adults, it can still occur in individuals of any age. Young age is not a risk factor for developing shingles.
Choice B rationale:
Stress. This statement is correct. Stress weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to shingles. Emotional or physical stress can trigger shingles in people who have already had chickenpox.
Choice C rationale:
Immunocompromised status. This statement is correct. Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV, cancer, or taking immunosuppressive medications, have a higher risk of developing shingles because their bodies may have difficulty controlling the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus.
Choice D rationale:
Trauma. This statement is correct. Physical trauma or injury to the skin can increase the risk of shingles in the affected area. The trauma can disrupt the nerve pathways and trigger the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus.
Choice E rationale:
Allergic to gelatin or neomycin. This statement is correct. The varicella vaccine contains trace amounts of gelatin and neomycin. Individuals with severe allergies to these components should not receive the vaccine to avoid potential allergic reactions.
Tuberculosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Monitoring vital signs, fluid intake, and output is important for assessing the client's overall health and hydration status, but it does not specifically address preventing the transmission of the virus.
Choice B rationale:
Providing comfort measures like cool compresses and loose clothing can help alleviate symptoms and discomfort, but it does not directly address preventing the transmission of the virus.
Choice C rationale:
Encouraging oral hygiene and a soft diet is essential for managing the client's symptoms and promoting healing, but it does not focus on preventing the spread of the virus to others.
Choice D rationale:
Isolating the patient until all lesions are crusted over is a crucial nursing intervention to prevent transmission of the chickenpox virus. Chickenpox is highly contagious, primarily spread through respiratory droplets and contact with the fluid from the skin lesions. By isolating the patient until all lesions have crusted over, the risk of spreading the virus to others is significantly reduced.
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