Removal of the __________ would be more harmful to a one-year-old child than an adult.
lymph node
appendix
palatine tonsil
spleen
thymus
The Correct Answer is E
A. Lymph node: Lymph nodes are important for filtering lymph and mounting immune responses, but their removal does not typically cause severe harm because other nodes can compensate, even in young children.
B. Appendix: The appendix contains lymphoid tissue but is not essential for immune function. Its removal rarely causes significant immunologic compromise at any age.
C. Palatine tonsil: Tonsils contribute to local immune defense in the oral and pharyngeal region, but their removal in young children is usually well tolerated, with other lymphoid tissues compensating.
D. Spleen: The spleen is important for filtering blood and responding to certain pathogens, particularly encapsulated bacteria. While removal increases infection risk, children can often survive post-splenectomy with vaccinations and prophylaxis.
E. Thymus: The thymus is crucial in early life for T lymphocyte maturation and the establishment of adaptive immunity. Removal in a one-year-old would severely impair immune system development, making it much more harmful than thymectomy in adults, whose T cell repertoire is already largely established.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Diastolic:Diastolic pressure is the lower number in a blood pressure reading. It represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxed between beats, not the higher value.
B. Repolarization:Repolarization refers to the process of cardiac muscle cells returning to a resting electrical state after contraction. It is not directly measured in a blood pressure reading.
C. Systolic:Systolic pressure is the higher number in a blood pressure reading. In this example, 110 mmHg represents the arterial pressure when the ventricles contract, pushing blood into the arteries.
D. Depolarization:Depolarization is the process by which cardiac cells generate an action potential to initiate contraction. It is an electrical event and does not correspond to the numeric values of blood pressure.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Spleen:The spleen is involved in filtering blood and recycling old red blood cells, and it houses some immune cells, but it is not the primary site of hemopoietic stem cells in adults.
B. Yellow bone marrow:Yellow bone marrow primarily consists of adipose tissue and has limited hemopoietic activity under normal conditions; it can revert to red marrow during severe blood loss.
C. Red bone marrow:Red bone marrow is the main site of hemopoietic stem cells in adults. These stem cells differentiate into all blood cell types-erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets-supporting continuous blood formation.
D. Thymus:The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ responsible for T-lymphocyte maturation, not for general hemopoiesis or stem cell storage.
E. Liver:In fetal development, the liver is an important site of hemopoiesis, but in adults, it no longer functions as a primary source of hemopoietic stem cells.
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