Resting membrane potential is the electrical potential energy produced by oppositely charged ions found on opposite sides of the plasma membrane when the cell is at rest.
True
False
The Correct Answer is A
Resting membrane potential arises from the uneven distribution of ions, primarily sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺), across the plasma membrane. Potassium tends to leak out of the cell while sodium remains higher outside, creating a negative charge inside relative to the outside. This separation of charges generates electrical potential energy while the cell is at rest.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger: Excitability or responsiveness is not related to emotions such as anger. It is a fundamental property of cells and organisms that allows them to detect and respond to stimuli.
B. Indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system: This describes elimination, a separate functional characteristic of life. Responsiveness is about detecting and reacting to internal or external environmental changes, not the disposal of waste products.
C. Sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them: Responsiveness refers to the ability of organisms to detect stimuli, such as changes in temperature, light, or internal conditions, and to respond in ways that maintain survival and homeostasis.
D. The necessity for all organisms to reproduce: Reproduction is an essential functional characteristic of life, but it is distinct from responsiveness. It ensures continuation of the species, while responsiveness deals with immediate reactions to environmental changes.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. 100-fold more: A 100-fold difference corresponds to a change of 2 pH units, but the pH difference here is only 1 unit (from 7 to 6).
B. 10-fold fewer: A lower pH indicates higher hydrogen ion concentration, not fewer.
C. 100-fold fewer: This also suggests a lower hydrogen ion concentration, which contradicts the fact that a pH of 6 is more acidic than neutral water.
D. 10-fold more: pH is a logarithmic scale, so each unit change represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. A pH of 6 has ten times more H⁺ ions than neutral water at pH 7.
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