(Select all that apply). A nurse is considering the ethical principle of justice while planning pain management interventions for pediatric patients.
Which actions align with the principle of justice? Select all that apply:

Choice A rationale:

You and your child have the right to be informed and actively participate in pain management decisions, with age-appropriate communication and involvement.”..

The ethical principle of autonomy recognizes the right of individuals to make decisions about their own care, including pain management.

In the case of a child, this principle still applies, but it must be adapted to the child's age and developmental stage.

Age-appropriate communication and involvement are essential for respecting the child's autonomy.

A is the correct answer as it upholds the principle of autonomy.

Choice B rationale:

Your child is too young to understand, so I will make all the pain management decisions without involving them.”..

Disregarding the child's involvement and autonomy based solely on their age is not in line with the ethical principle of autonomy.

While children may not have the same decision-making capacity as adults, their preferences and input should still be considered to the extent possible, taking into account their developmental stage.

B is not the correct answer.

Choice C rationale:

I will make decisions for your child, as it's more efficient and saves time.”..

Efficiency and time-saving should not take precedence over respecting a patient's autonomy, even in the case of a child.

The primary consideration should be what is in the child's best interest and what aligns with ethical principles.

C is not the correct answer.

Choice D rationale:

Your child's pain management decisions should be solely based on my judgment, as I am the healthcare professional.”..

This statement does not respect the principle of autonomy and implies that the nurse should make unilateral decisions without considering the child's or parent's preferences.

Ethical healthcare practice involves collaboration and shared decision-making when appropriate.

D is not the correct answer.

I believe it's crucial to alleviate the child's pain, but I'm concerned about the potential risks and side effects of the analgesia.”..

Choice A rationale:

Expressing concerns about the adverse effects of pain relief medications on the child's overall health is a valid ethical consideration.

However, it doesn't fully capture the balance between pain relief and potential side effects.

The primary focus should be on pain management.

Choice B rationale:

This choice accurately reflects the ethical dilemma faced by the nurse.

It acknowledges the importance of pain relief while expressing concerns about potential risks and side effects.

Balancing the child's pain relief needs with the potential risks is a crucial aspect of ethical decision-making in this situation.

Choice C rationale:

Suggesting that the child should endure pain without medications to avoid complications does not align with the principles of ethical nursing practice.

It's important to alleviate pain when possible, provided the potential benefits outweigh the risks.

Choice D rationale:

Indicating uncertainty about pain management options is a valid concern, but it doesn't address the balance between pain relief and potential side effects.

The ethical dilemma faced by the nurse involves making decisions within this context.