(Select all that apply):
A nurse is assessing a patient with gout.
Which clinical findings may be indicative of gout? Select all that apply:

Choice A rationale:

"Chronic gouty arthritis." Chronic gouty arthritis is a potential complication of gout, but it is not the highest priority when discussing potential risks with the client.

Kidney stones and kidney damage (nephrolithiasis) are more concerning complications due to their impact on overall health.

Choice B rationale:

"Tophi formation in joints and soft tissues." Tophi formation is a complication of gout and can lead to joint deformities and limited mobility.

While it is important to address, kidney stones and kidney damage pose a more immediate and severe threat to the client's well-being.

Choice C rationale:

"Joint deformities and limited mobility." This is a valid concern, but kidney stones and kidney damage (nephrolithiasis) should be prioritized when discussing potential complications of gout because they can have more serious systemic consequences.

Choice D rationale:

"Kidney stones or kidney damage (nephrolithiasis)." This is the correct choice.

Kidney stones and kidney damage can result from the deposition of urate crystals in the kidneys, which is a complication of gout.

These complications can lead to significant health issues and should be prioritized in discussions with the client.

Choice A rationale:

"I will take the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as needed for pain" is a reasonable statement, as NSAIDs are often prescribed for pain relief during gout attacks.

However, it's important to note that NSAIDs should be taken as directed by the healthcare provider, and their use should be monitored due to potential side effects.

Choice B rationale:

"I'll make sure to use colchicine during acute attacks to reduce inflammation" is the correct choice.

Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory medication commonly used to treat gout during acute attacks.

Choice C rationale:

"I should avoid corticosteroids unless my doctor says they are necessary" is a reasonable statement.

Corticosteroids are typically reserved for cases of gout where other treatments are ineffective, and their use should be under medical supervision.

Choice D rationale:

"I will take allopurinol regularly to lower my uric acid levels" is a correct statement.

Allopurinol is a medication used to lower uric acid levels in individuals with gout, helping to prevent future attacks.

It is a part of long-term gout management.