Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids.
DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases.
tDNA is considered a "molecular slave" of DNA during protein synthesis.
Three forms exist: DNA, RNA, and tDNA.
RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C.
The Correct Answer is A
A. DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases: DNA consists of two complementary strands forming a double helix. Its sequence of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) encodes genetic information for protein synthesis and inheritance.
B. tDNA is considered a "molecular slave" of DNA during protein synthesis: There is no molecule called tDNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids during protein synthesis, but the term “tDNA” is incorrect and does not exist in molecular biology.
C. Three forms exist: DNA, RNA, and tDNA: Only DNA and RNA are recognized types of nucleic acids. tDNA is not a valid classification, so this statement is inaccurate.
D. RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C: RNA is single-stranded, but it contains uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). Its bases are adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Collagen: Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, forming the structural framework of connective tissues such as skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Its fibrous structure provides strength, support, and elasticity to various tissues.
B. Glucose: Glucose is a simple sugar and a primary energy source for cells, not a protein. While essential for metabolism, it does not contribute to the structural protein composition of the body.
C. Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport. Although abundant in blood, its overall quantity in the body is far less than collagen.
D. DNA: DNA is a nucleic acid that stores genetic information. It is not a protein, and while present in all cells, it does not contribute to the protein mass in the body.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Vitamin D: Vitamin D is fat-soluble and is absorbed along with dietary fats. It is stored in the liver and adipose tissue and plays a key role in calcium and phosphorus regulation.
B. Vitamin C: Vitamin C is water-soluble, not fat-soluble. It dissolves in water, is not stored extensively in the body, and must be obtained regularly through the diet. Its main functions include collagen synthesis and antioxidant protection.
C. Vitamin E: Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. It is stored in adipose tissue and the liver for long-term use.
D. Vitamin A: Vitamin A is fat-soluble and essential for vision, immune function, and epithelial tissue health. It is stored in the liver and released as needed.
E. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is fat-soluble and plays a critical role in blood clotting and bone metabolism. It is absorbed with dietary fats and stored in the liver.
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