Similar to neurotransmitters, hormones exert their action only on cells that have specific
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B"}
A. Gated channels: Some signaling molecules influence ion channels, but hormones do not act only on gated channels - many act via receptors that trigger intracellular cascades.
B. Receptors: Hormones (like neurotransmitters) act only on cells that have specific receptors to which the hormone binds (membrane receptors for peptide hormones or intracellular receptors for lipophilic hormones). This is the correct answer.
C. Enzymes: Hormones can modulate enzymes inside cells, but they require receptors to target cells first; enzymes are not the general targeting mechanism.
D. Cofactors: Cofactors assist enzymatic reactions but are not the specific binding target that determines hormone action on particular cells.
E. Metabolic pathways: Hormones influence metabolic pathways, but they act via receptors on/inside target cells - metabolic pathways are downstream, not the specific binding site.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. It acts on the hypothalamus to decrease appetite: Appetite regulation is linked to hormones like leptin and ghrelin, not ADH.
B. It causes the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex: ACTH from the anterior pituitary does this, not ADH.
C. It causes smooth muscle contraction in the female reproductive tract: Oxytocin is responsible for uterine contractions, not ADH.
D. It causes vasodilation: ADH (vasopressin) actually causes vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
E. It increases water retention from renal tubules: ADH acts on the collecting ducts of the kidney to promote water reabsorption, reducing urine output and conserving body water.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Neutrophils: neutrophils are granulocytes (not agranulocytes) and are the most abundant white blood cells overall, but they are not an agranulocyte.
B. Eosinophils: eosinophils are also granulocytes involved in allergy and parasitic responses, not agranulocytes.
C. Monocytes: monocytes are agranulocytes and differentiate into macrophages in tissues, but they are less abundant than lymphocytes in peripheral blood.
D. Macrophages: macrophages are tissue-resident cells derived from monocytes (not usually counted as circulating agranulocytes) and are not the most abundant agranulocyte in blood.
E. Lymphocytes: lymphocytes are agranulocytes and are the most abundant agranulocyte in peripheral blood (higher % than monocytes).
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