The barbiturate phenobarbital is prescribed for a patient with epilepsy. While assessing the patient's current medications, the nurse recognizes that interactions may occur with which drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Oral contraceptives

Antihistamines

Warfarin

Opioids

Diuretics

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. Oral contraceptives: Phenobarbital can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of contraceptive failure and unintended pregnancy.
B. Antihistamines: While phenobarbital can induce hepatic enzymes, leading to increased

metabolism of some antihistamines, this interaction is less clinically significant compared to the interactions with oral contraceptives, opioids, and diuretics.
C.   Warfarin: Phenobarbital can induce the metabolism of warfarin, potentially reducing its anticoagulant effects and necessitating closer monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) levels.
D.   Opioids: Phenobarbital can increase the metabolism of opioids, leading to reduced analgesic effects and potentially causing inadequate pain control.

E.   Diuretics: Phenobarbital can accelerate the metabolism of diuretics, potentially reducing their efficacy and necessitating adjustments in dosage or monitoring of electrolyte levels.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decreased weight: Orlistat is a medication used for weight management by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fats. Its intended therapeutic effect is to promote weight loss by reducing the amount of fat absorbed from the diet.
B. Increased appetite: Orlistat does not increase appetite; rather, it may help control appetite by promoting satiety through its mechanism of action.
C. Decreased hyperactivity: Orlistat is not indicated for the treatment of hyperactivity.

D. Increased wakefulness: Orlistat does not affect wakefulness; it primarily acts in the gastrointestinal tract to inhibit fat absorption.

A. Egg salad sandwich B. Pepperoni pizza C. Pancakes and maple syrup D. Fried eggs over-easy

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Egg salad sandwich: Eggs are generally considered safe to consume with MAOIs. There are no significant interactions between egg salad and MAOIs.
B. Pepperoni pizza: Pepperoni contains high levels of tyramine, which can cause a hypertensive crisis when consumed with MAOIs. Therefore, pepperoni pizza should be avoided by patients
taking MAOIs.

C. Pancakes and maple syrup: Pancakes and maple syrup are generally safe choices with MAOIs, as they do not contain high levels of tyramine.
D. Fried eggs over-easy: Like egg salad, fried eggs are generally considered safe to consume with MAOIs. There are no significant interactions between fried eggs and MAOIs.

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The barbiturate phenobarbital is prescribed for a patient with epilepsy. While assessing the patient's current medications, the nurse recognizes that interactions may occur with which drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When evaluating a patient who is taking orlistat, which is an intended therapeutic effect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the food choices of a patient who is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which food choice would indicate the need for additional teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 29-year-old patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes, talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing the effects of taking which substance?

During a routine appointment, a patient with a history of seizures is found to have a phenytoin level of 23 mcg/mL. What concern will the nurse have, if any?

The teaching for a patient who is taking tamsulosin to reduce urinary obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia will include which of these?

A patient has been taking lithium for 1 year, and the most recent lithium level is 0.9 mEq/L. Which statement about the laboratory result is correct?

A patient has been taking ergotamine to relieve their migraines. Which of the following adverse effects would indicate to the nurse that the drug may have entered into toxic levels?

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