The barbiturate phenobarbital is prescribed for a patient with epilepsy. While assessing the patient's current medications, the nurse recognizes that interactions may occur with which drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Oral contraceptives

Antihistamines

Warfarin

Opioids

Diuretics

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. Oral contraceptives: Phenobarbital can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, increasing the risk of contraceptive failure and unintended pregnancy.
B. Antihistamines: While phenobarbital can induce hepatic enzymes, leading to increased

metabolism of some antihistamines, this interaction is less clinically significant compared to the interactions with oral contraceptives, opioids, and diuretics.
C.   Warfarin: Phenobarbital can induce the metabolism of warfarin, potentially reducing its anticoagulant effects and necessitating closer monitoring of international normalized ratio (INR) levels.
D.   Opioids: Phenobarbital can increase the metabolism of opioids, leading to reduced analgesic effects and potentially causing inadequate pain control.

E.   Diuretics: Phenobarbital can accelerate the metabolism of diuretics, potentially reducing their efficacy and necessitating adjustments in dosage or monitoring of electrolyte levels.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Getting up slowly from a sitting or lying position is an important aspect of patient education for individuals taking tamsulosin, as this medication can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting upon standing up quickly.
B. Tamsulosin is often taken once daily, approximately 30 minutes after the same meal each day, typically breakfast or the first meal of the day. Taking it with breakfast is not a requirement for
its efficacy.

C. There is no need to restrict fluids while on tamsulosin therapy. In fact, adequate hydration is generally encouraged.
D. Tamsulosin is not typically associated with causing hypertension. Instead, it is more commonly associated with hypotension, especially orthostatic hypotension.

A. Increased heart rate B. Decrease in urinary bladder muscle tone C. Increased blood pressure D. Decreased salivation E. Decreased bowel sounds

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A. Increased heart rate: Sympathetic nervous system stimulation typically leads to increased heart rate as part of the "fight or flight" response.
B. Decrease in urinary bladder muscle tone: Sympathetic stimulation would typically cause relaxation of the urinary bladder, leading to increased muscle tone.
C. Increased blood pressure: Sympathetic nervous system activation results in vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output, leading to elevated blood pressure.
D. Decreased salivation: Sympathetic stimulation can lead to decreased salivation as part of the "fight or flight" response, but it's not a consistent finding.
E. Decreased bowel sounds: Sympathetic activation can inhibit gastrointestinal motility, leading to decreased bowel sounds, but it's not a universal finding in sympathetic stimulation.

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The barbiturate phenobarbital is prescribed for a patient with epilepsy. While assessing the patient's current medications, the nurse recognizes that interactions may occur with which drugs? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The teaching for a patient who is taking tamsulosin to reduce urinary obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia will include which of these?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client experiencing sympathetic nervous system stimulation. What assessment finding supports this diagnosis? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

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