The basis for designing and selecting nursing interventions to meet client needs is the:

Nurse’s notes

Nursing diagnosis

Doctor’s orders

Care plan

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because it shows that the nurse is not using a systematic and evidence-based approach to care. The nurse’s notes are a form of documentation, not a source of planning.

Choice B reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is using a systematic and evidence-based approach to care. The nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment that identifies the client’s actual or potential health problems or needs and provides the basis for selecting appropriate interventions.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because it shows that the nurse is not using a holistic and individualized approach to care. The doctor’s orders are a form of prescription, not a source of planning.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because it shows that the nurse is confusing the outcome with the process. The care plan is a written document that outlines the goals, interventions, and evaluation of care, not a source of planning.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: “I am sure they are all beef hot dogs. Would you like me to get a substitution from the kitchen?” is not the best response by the PN. This response shows false reassurance, which is a communication technique that involves minimizing or dismissing the other person’s feelings or situation. It also shows assumption, which is a communication barrier that involves making judgments or guesses about what the other person thinks or feels. It does not respect the client’s dietary preferences, and may sound patronizing or condescending. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason: “I don’t understand why that should make a diﬀerence.” is not the best response by the PN. This response shows lack of knowledge, which is a communication barrier that involves being unaware or ignorant of the other person’s culture, beliefs, or values. It also shows indiﬀerence, which is a communication barrier that involves showing no interest or concern for the other person’s feelings or situation. It does not respect the client’s dietary preferences, and may sound rude or oﬀensive. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice C reason: “So you don’t want anything to eat, then?” is not the best response by the PN. This response shows closed-ended questioning, which is a communication technique that involves asking questions that require a yes or no answer or a specific piece of information. It also shows sarcasm, which is a communication barrier that involves using irony or mockery to hurt or ridicule the other person. It does not respect the client’s dietary preferences, and may sound hostile or aggressive. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D reason: “I respect your dietary preferences. Let me see what else I can oﬀer you.” is the best response by the PN. This response shows respect, which is a value or attitude that involves showing consideration, appreciation, and recognition for the other person as a unique and holistic person. It also shows support, which is a communication technique that involves providing emotional or practical assistance to the other person, and helping them cope with their situation or problem. It respects the client’s dietary preferences, and shows that the PN is caring, helpful, and empathetic. Therefore, this choice is correct.

A. Select one answer B. counteract shyness in the client C. keep the Practical Nurse’s atention on the conversation D. assess if the client is involved in the conversation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Counteract shyness in the client is not the major eﬀect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have diﬀerent meanings and eﬀects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can help to establish rapport, show interest, or convey sincerity, but it may not necessarily counteract shyness in the client. In fact, some clients may feel uncomfortable, intimidated, or threatened by too much eye contact, especially if they are shy, anxious, or from a diﬀerent cultural background. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Keep the Practical Nurse’s atention on the conversation is not the major eﬀect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have diﬀerent meanings and eﬀects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can help to keep the

Practical Nurse’s atention on the conversation, but it is not the main purpose or outcome of doing so. The main purpose or outcome of maintaining eye contact is to communicate with the other person eﬀectively and respectfully, not to focus on oneself or one’s own behavior. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice C reason: Assess if the client is involved in the conversation is not the major eﬀect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have diﬀerent meanings and eﬀects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can help to assess if the client is involved in the conversation, but it is not the only or most reliable way of doing so. The Practical Nurse should also pay atention to other verbal and nonverbal cues from the client, such as their tone of voice, facial expressions, body language, or feedback. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D reason: Indicate continuous focused atention is the major eﬀect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication. Eye contact is a nonverbal cue that involves looking at the other person’s eyes or face while communicating. It can have diﬀerent meanings and eﬀects depending on the culture, context, and relationship of the communicators. Maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds can indicate continuous focused atention, which means that the Practical Nurse is listening actively, understanding empathetically, and responding appropriately to the client’s message. It can also show respect, interest, or sincerity to the client, and enhance rapport and trust between them. Therefore, this choice is correct.

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The basis for designing and selecting nursing interventions to meet client needs is the:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client of the Islamic faith refuses to eat a hot dog on his tray because he is afraid that it may contain pork products. Which of the following is the best response by the Practical Nurse (PN)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The Practical Nurse (PN) explains that the major eﬀect of maintaining eye contact for 2 to 6 seconds during communication is to:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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