The young client says, “I’m really stressed out about this pregnancy.” When the Practical Nurse (PN) responds, “What about this pregnancy worries you?”, he or she is using the technique of:

Choice A reason: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a framework for prioritizing human needs, but it is not an organized approach for performing a physical examination. A physical examination should be systematic and comprehensive, not based on subjective preferences or assumptions. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason: A head-to-toe assessment is an organized approach for performing a physical examination that covers all the major body systems and regions. It allows the nurse to identify any abnormalities or changes in the client’s health status and to document the findings in a consistent manner. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice C reason: Subjective data collection is the process of obtaining information from the client about their symptoms, feelings, beliefs, and preferences. It is an important part of the nursing assessment, but it is not an organized approach for performing a physical examination. A physical examination requires objective data collection, which involves observing, measuring, and testing the client’s physical signs. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D reason: Review of systems is an organized approach for performing a physical examination that focuses on each body system separately and asks specific questions related to its function and problems. It helps the nurse to elicit relevant information from the client and to detect any abnormalities or deviations from normal. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice A reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is engaged and focused on the patient. Leaning slightly forward indicates that the nurse is listening and caring.

Choice B reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is open and receptive to the patient’s feelings and concerns. An open posture means that the nurse does not cross arms or legs, which can be seen as defensive or closed.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because it shows that the nurse is distant and distracted from the patient. Standing at the doorway implies that the nurse is ready to leave or has other priorities. Reading the chart while smiling may seem insincere or superficial.

Choice D reason: This is correct because it shows that the nurse is respectful and atentive to the patient. Sitting at the bedside and facing the patient indicates that the nurse is giving eye contact and acknowledging the patient’s

presence.