The healthcare provider prescribes captopril (Capoten) 37.5 mg. The medication is available in 25 mg tablets. What should the nurse administer?

1 tablet

1½ tablets

2 tablets

2½ tablets

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Phenytoin (Dilantin) can cause cosmetic side effects, such as coarse facial features, hirsutism, and acne, in some people¹²³. These side effects can affect the client's self-esteem, social interactions, and emotional well-being¹. The nurse should assess the client's perception of his or her appearance and provide support and education to cope with the changes¹.

Choice A is wrong because risk for infection related to immunosuppression is not a relevant nursing diagnosis for this client. Phenytoin can cause blood dyscrasias, such as leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, in some people¹²³. However, these side effects are not related to immunosuppression and do not increase the risk of infection¹. The nurse should monitor the client's blood counts and report any signs of bleeding or anemia to the provider¹.

Choice C is wrong because impaired skin integrity related to hypersensitivity reaction is not a relevant nursing diagnosis for this client. Phenytoin can cause allergic reactions, such as rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, and hepatitis, in some people¹²³. However, these side effects are not related to impaired skin integrity and do not cause skin breakdown or ulceration¹. The nurse should discontinue the medication and report any signs of hypersensitivity reaction to the provider¹.

Choice D is wrong because deficient knowledge related to self-care and medication management is not a relevant nursing diagnosis for this client. Phenytoin requires careful monitoring and education to ensure therapeutic and safe use¹²³. However, this nursing diagnosis does not address the client's specific concern about the cosmetic side effects of phenytoin¹. The nurse should provide information and counseling about the benefits and risks of phenytoin therapy and discuss alternative options with the provider if needed¹.

A. "You can stop taking phenytoin if you switch to another anticonvulsant medication." B. "You can reduce the dose of phenytoin gradually until you can stop it completely." C. "You can prevent gum problems by practicing good oral hygiene and seeing your dentist regularly." D. "You can take ibuprofen (Motrin) or aspirin (Ecotrin) to relieve the inflammation and pain in your gums."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Phenytoin (Dilantin) can cause overgrowth of gum tissue, also known as gingival hyperplasia, in some people¹. This can lead to swelling, bleeding, and infection of the gums¹. Good oral hygiene, such as brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash, can help prevent or reduce gum problems¹. The client should also see the dentist regularly for check-ups and cleaning¹.

Choice A is wrong because the client should not stop taking phenytoin without consulting the provider. Stopping phenytoin suddenly can increase the risk of seizures or status epilepticus, which is a life-threatening condition¹. If the client wants to switch to another anticonvulsant medication, the provider should advise on how to do so safely and gradually¹.

Choice B is wrong because the client should not reduce the dose of phenytoin without consulting the provider. Reducing the dose of phenytoin can lower the blood level of the medication and make it less effective in controlling seizures¹. The provider should monitor the blood level of phenytoin and adjust the dose accordingly¹.

Choice D is wrong because the client should not take ibuprofen (Motrin) or aspirin (Ecotrin) to relieve the inflammation and pain in the gums. These medications are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that can interact with phenytoin and increase its blood level and side effects². They can also increase the risk of bleeding, especially in people with low platelet count or clotting problems². The client should consult the provider before taking any other medications with phenytoin¹.

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The healthcare provider prescribes captopril (Capoten) 37.5 mg. The medication is available in 25 mg tablets. What should the nurse administer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing to give medications to a client who has been receiving long-term therapy with phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse notes that the client has coarse facial features, hirsutism, and acne. What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for several years to control tonic-clonic seizures. The client tells the nurse that he wants to stop taking the medication because it makes his gums swell and bleed. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient who has been taking phenytoin for several years comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit and tells the nurse that he has been experiencing gum tenderness and bleeding when he brushes his teeth. The nurse will perform which action?

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for gabapentin for partial seizures. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been receiving intravenous phenytoin (Dilantin). The patient complains of pain and burning at the IV site, and the nurse notes redness and swelling at the site. What will the nurse do?

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lamotrigine for partial seizures. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following signs of a serious adverse reaction to lamotrigine?¹

A client is prescribed ethosuximide (Zarontin) for absence seizures. The nurse should instruct the client to report which adverse effect?¹

The healthcare provider prescribes captopril (Capoten) 37.5 mg. The medication is available in 25 mg tablets. What should the nurse administer?

A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed phenobarbital (Luminal) for status epilepticus. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse effect of this drug?¹

A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous phenytoin (Dilantin) to a patient who has status epilepticus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?