The main reason why an individual with type AB, Rh-negative blood cannot donate blood to an individual with type A, Rh-positive blood is because ________.
anti-B antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs ofthe recipient
anti-A antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient
anti-A antibodies in the reciplent will agglutinate RBCs of the donor
anti-D antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBC of the recipient
anti-B antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor
The Correct Answer is E
A. Anti-B antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient: Type AB blood does not have anti-A or anti-B antibodies in the plasma. Therefore, the donor’s plasma will not cause agglutination in the recipient.
B. Anti-A antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient: Similarly, type AB blood lacks anti-A antibodies, so this is not the cause of incompatibility.
C. Anti-A antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor: Type A, Rh-positive recipients produce anti-B antibodies. Anti-A antibodies are not involved in reacting to type AB donor cells, so this is incorrect.
D. Anti-D antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient: Rh-negative donors do not have anti-D antibodies in their plasma because they have not been sensitized. Therefore, anti-D from the donor is not the problem.
E. Anti-B antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor: Type A, Rh-positive recipients naturally have anti-B antibodies in their plasma. When they receive type AB blood, the donor RBCs carry B antigens, which react with the recipient’s anti-B antibodies, causing agglutination and making the transfusion incompatible.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Their secretions may be released onto the body surface:This describes exocrine glands, such as sweat or sebaceous glands, which secrete substances through ducts onto epithelial surfaces. Endocrine glands do not release secretions onto body surfaces.
B. They secrete substances that do not alter the metabolism of their target cells, but have extracellular effects:Endocrine glands secrete hormones that specifically act on target cells to alter their metabolism or function. Substances with only extracellular effects without influencing metabolism are not characteristic of endocrine function.
C. They release their secretions into the blood:Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. This allows the hormones to travel throughout the body and act on distant target cells, which is the defining feature of endocrine glands.
D. They secrete their products by way of ducts:Secretion via ducts is a hallmark of exocrine glands, not endocrine glands. Endocrine glands are ductless and rely on the circulatory system to transport their secretions.
E. They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries:Endocrine glands are highly vascularized to facilitate rapid hormone transport into the blood. A low density of capillaries would impede hormone distribution, which is contrary to endocrine physiology.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 5:Hemoglobin molecules do not bind five oxygen molecules; this exceeds their structural capacity.
B. 4:Each hemoglobin molecule has four heme groups, and each heme can bind one oxygen molecule. Therefore, one hemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of four oxygen molecules.
C. 2:Hemoglobin can carry more than two oxygen molecules; two would only represent half-saturation of the molecule.
D. 6:Six oxygen molecules exceed the binding capacity of hemoglobin and are not physiologically possible.
E. 3:Hemoglobin can bind three oxygen molecules, but this is not the maximum capacity. Four is the full complement when fully saturated.
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