The mother of a 4-month-old baby girl asks the nurse when should she introduce solid foods to her infant. The mother states, "My mother says I should put rice cereal in the baby's bottle now. The nurse should instruct the mother to introduce solid foods when her child exhibits which behavior?

Stops rooting when hungry.

Awakens once for nighttime feedings.

Gives up a bottle for a cup.

Opens mouth when food comes her way.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Stops rooting when hungry. The rooting reflex, which helps newborns find the breast or bottle, typically disappears by 3–4 months of age. However, its absence does not indicate readiness for solid foods. Readiness is more closely linked to developmental milestones such as sitting with support and showing interest in food.
B. Awakens once for nighttime feedings. Nighttime feedings are common in infants up to 6 months and are not a reliable sign of readiness for solid foods. Frequent night waking is often due to normal growth spurts rather than an indication that the baby needs solids.
C. Gives up a bottle for a cup. Transitioning from a bottle to a cup occurs later in infancy, usually around 9–12 months. Introducing solids does not require weaning from the bottle, as infants initially consume solids alongside breast milk or formula.
D. Opens mouth when food comes her way. Readiness for solid foods, typically around 4–6 months, is indicated by signs such as good head control, the ability to sit with support, and showing interest in food by opening the mouth or reaching for it. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends introducing single-ingredient, iron-fortified foods like rice cereal with a spoon rather than putting it in a bottle, which can increase the risk of choking and overfeeding.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Diet cola. Cola contains caffeine, which can contribute to dehydration by increasing urine output. Hydration is essential for individuals with sickle cell anemia to prevent sickling crises, so choosing a non-caffeinated beverage is a better option.
B. Ice tea. Many iced teas contain caffeine, which can have a diuretic effect and lead to dehydration. Dehydration increases blood viscosity, raising the risk of vaso-occlusive crises in individuals with sickle cell anemia.
C. Lemonade. Lemonade is a hydrating, caffeine-free drink that provides fluids necessary to maintain adequate blood volume and reduce the risk of sickling. Staying well-hydrated is crucial in preventing complications such as vaso-occlusive crises and organ damage in sickle cell disease.
D. Milkshake. While a milkshake provides calories and nutrients, it is thick and high in sugar, which may not be as effective for rapid hydration on a hot day. Proper hydration with clear fluids, such as water or lemonade, is the best option to reduce the risk of dehydration-related sickling.

A. Giving pain medication around the clock helps control the pain. B. The use of hot baths can be used as an alternative for pain medication. C. The child should be encouraged to rest when experiencing pain. D. Encourage quiet activities such as watching television as a pain distracter.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Giving pain medication around the clock helps control the pain. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that can cause persistent joint pain and stiffness. Administering pain medication on a scheduled basis, rather than waiting for severe pain, helps maintain consistent pain control, reduces inflammation, and improves mobility. This approach prevents pain from becoming severe, which can be harder to manage and may lead to joint damage or decreased function.
B. The use of hot baths can be used as an alternative for pain medication. Warm baths can help relieve joint stiffness and improve comfort, but they do not replace the need for scheduled pain management. While non-pharmacologic interventions are helpful, they should be used in combination with appropriate medication to ensure adequate pain relief and prevent long-term complications.
C. The child should be encouraged to rest when experiencing pain. While adequate rest is important, excessive inactivity can worsen stiffness and joint contractures in children with JIA. A balance between rest and activity, including gentle exercises and physical therapy, is crucial to maintaining joint mobility and preventing functional impairment.
D. Encourage quiet activities such as watching television as a pain distracter. Distraction techniques can help with coping, but they do not address the underlying inflammatory pain associated with JIA. Effective pain management requires both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic strategies to ensure the child's comfort and ability to participate in daily activities.

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The mother of a 4-month-old baby girl asks the nurse when should she introduce solid foods to her infant. The mother states, "My mother says I should put rice cereal in the baby's bottle now. The nurse should instruct the mother to introduce solid foods when her child exhibits which behavior?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which drink choice on a hot day indicates to the nurse that an adolescent with sickle cell anemia understands dietary considerations related to the disease?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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