The muscles responsible for goosebumps are the ________ and would be an example of which type of muscle?

A. ceruminous; holocrine
Ceruminous glands are found in the ear canal and produce earwax (cerumen). They are modified apocrine glands, not related to acne.

B. sebaceous; merocrine
Sebaceous glands are correct, but they are holocrine, not merocrine. Merocrine glands release their product via exocytosis without cell destruction.

C. sweat glands; apocrine
Apocrine sweat glands produce a different type of secretion and are more associated with body odor in the axillary/genital areas. They’re not oil glands and not typically involved in acne.

D. sebaceous; holocrine
Sebaceous glands secrete oily sebum into hair follicles and are holocrine in nature, meaning the entire cell disintegrates to release the product-often leading to clogged pores and acne.

E. mammary glands; apocrine
Mammary glands are modified apocrine glands but are responsible for milk production, not involved in acne or oil secretion.

A. hyaluronic acid + proteoglycan monomers: Hyaluronic acid forms the central stalk (handle of the "toilet brush"), and proteoglycan monomers attach along its length, forming a large aggregate that traps water and gives ground substance its gel-like consistency.

B. reticular fibers + collagen fibers: These are structural protein fibers in connective tissue but are not components of proteoglycan aggregates.

C. chondroblasts and chondroclasts: These are cartilage cells involved in formation (chondroblasts) and resorption (chondroclasts) but not part of the ground substance's molecular structure.

D. collagen fibers + fibroblasts: Collagen fibers are structural; fibroblasts produce extracellular matrix components, but neither directly forms the proteoglycan aggregate.