The normal pathway of the conduction system is which one of the following?
SA node - AV node - bundle of his - bundle branches - Purkinje fibers.
SA node - bundle of his -AV node - bundle branches - Purkinje fibers.
SA node - AV node - bundle branches - Ventricles - Purkinje fibers.
AV node-SA node - a bundle of his - bundle branches - Purkinje fibers.
The Correct Answer is A
This pathway represents the normal sequence of electrical impulses that coordinate the contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers.
The electrical signal originates from the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is often referred to as the natural pacemaker of the heart. It is located in the right atrium and generates the electrical impulses that initiate each heartbeat. From the SA node, the electrical signal travels to the atrioventricular (AV) node, which is located at the junction between the atria and ventricles.
After passing through the AV node, the electrical impulse travels through the bundle of His (also known as the atrioventricular bundle) and divides into the right and left bundle branches. These branches continue the conduction pathway and deliver the electrical signal to the Purkinje fibers.
The Purkinje fibers spread the electrical impulse rapidly throughout the ventricles, stimulating the contraction of the ventricular muscle and allowing for efficient pumping of blood out of the heart.
Therefore, the correct sequence of the normal conduction pathway in the heart is:
A. SA node - AV node - bundle of His - bundle branches - Purkinje fibers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a measure of the average pressure within the arteries during one cardiac cycle. It represents the perfusion pressure that drives blood flow to organs and tissues. In the context of shock, a MAP of 50 mm Hg is considered low and indicates inadequate tissue perfusion.
To improve tissue perfusion and restore blood pressure, the nurse would anticipate administering large volumes of intravenous fluids, such as Lactated Ringers (LR). Fluid resuscitation aims to increase intravascular volume and improve cardiac output, ultimately leading to improved tissue perfusion.
B. Cardiac Output (CO) is 4 L/min in (option A) is incorrect because Cardiac output represents the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. While a low cardiac output may require intervention, it does not specifically indicate the need for large volumes of fluid administration.
C. Stroke volume is 70 ml/beat in (option C) is incorrect because Stroke volume refers to the volume of blood ejected by the heart with each contraction. While stroke volume can be an important determinant of cardiac output, it alone does not indicate the need for large fluid volumes.
D. The heart rate is 80 bpm in (option D) is incorrect because: Heart rate is the number of heartbeats per minute. While the heart rate can impact cardiac output, it does not provide direct information about fluid resuscitation needs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
In the initial 24 hours after burn injury, fluid resuscitation is a critical priority in the management of burn patients. Burn injuries can lead to significant fluid loss, both locally at the burn site and systemically due to increased capillary permeability. Fluid resuscitation aims to restore and maintain adequate intravascular volume, ensuring sufficient tissue perfusion and organ function.
The Parkland Formula is commonly used to guide fluid resuscitation in burn patients. It involves calculating the total volume of fluid needed in the first 24 hours, with a portion given in the initial hours after injury and the remainder given over the remaining hours.
A. Sterile dressing changes (option A) are incorrect because they are important in wound care management for burn patients to prevent infection. However, fluid resuscitation takes precedence within the first 24 hours.
B. Emotional support (option B) is incorrect because it is an essential aspect of burn care, as burn injuries can have a significant psychological impact. While emotional support is crucial for the patient's overall well-being, it may not be the highest priority within the first 24 hours compared to addressing the physiological needs of fluid resuscitation.
D. Range-of-motion exercises (option D) are incorrect because they are important for preventing contractures and maintaining joint mobility in burn patients. However, they are typically initiated after the initial fluid resuscitation phase and wound stabilization.
Therefore, the priority the nurse anticipates within the first 24 hours for a 31-year-old male patient with burn injuries is fluid resuscitation.
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